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Tameness correlates with domestication related traits in a Red Junglefowl intercross
Genes, Brain and Behavior ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 , DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12704
Rebecca Katajamaa 1 , Per Jensen 1
Affiliation  

Early animal domestication may have been driven by selection on tameness. Selection on only tameness can bring about correlated selection responses in other traits, not intentionally selected upon, which may be one cause of the domesticated phenotype. We predicted that genetically reduced fear towards humans in Red Junglefowl, ancestors of domesticated chickens, would be correlated to other traits included in the domesticated phenotype. Fear level was determined by a standardised behaviour test, where the reaction towards an approaching human was recorded. We first selected birds for eight generations for either high or low fear levels in this test, to create two divergent selection lines. An F3 intercross, with birds from the eighth generation as parentals, was generated to study correlations between fear‐of‐human scores and other unselected phenotypes, possibly caused by pleiotropy or linkage. Low fear‐of‐human scores were associated with higher body weight and growth rates, and with increased activity in an open field test, indicating less general fearfulness. In females, low fear‐of‐human scores were also associated with more efficient fear habituation and in males with an increased tendency to emit food calls in a mirror test, indicating increased social dominance. Low fear‐of‐human scores were also associated with smaller brain relative to body weight, and with larger cerebrum relative to total brain weight in females. All these effects are in line with the changes observed in domesticated chickens compared to their ancestors, and we conclude that tameness may have been a driving factor underlying some aspects of the domesticated phenotype.

中文翻译:

驯服性与红原鸡杂交中的驯化相关性状相关

早期的动物驯化可能是由驯服选择驱动的。仅驯服的选择可以在其他性状中产生相关的选择反应,而不是有意选择,这可能是驯化表型的原因之一。我们预测,驯化鸡的祖先 Red Junglefowl 对人类的恐惧在基因上减少,这将与驯化表型中包含的其他特征相关。恐惧程度是通过标准化的行为测试来确定的,其中记录了对接近的人的反应。在这个测试中,我们首先选择了八代鸟类的高或低恐惧水平,以创建两条不同的选择线。F3杂交,以第八代的鸟类为父母,生成的目的是研究恐惧人类分数与其他未选择的表型之间的相关性,这些表型可能是由多效性或联系引起的。对人类的恐惧得分较低与较高的体重和增长率有关,并且与在野外测试中的活动增加有关,这表明一般恐惧程度较低。在女性中,对人的恐惧得分低也与更有效的恐惧习惯有关,而在男性中,在镜子测试中发出食物呼叫的倾向增加,表明社会支配地位增加。对人类的恐惧得分低也与相对于体重较小的大脑以及相对于女性的总脑重较大的大脑有关。所有这些影响都与驯养鸡与其祖先相比所观察到的变化一致,
更新日期:2020-09-24
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