Abstract In ocean environments, wave usually propagates in association with a current. The paper presents a cyclic characterization framework for elastoplastic consolidating behavior of liquefiable seabed around the immersed tunnel under combined wave and current loading, based on the Biot dynamic consolidation theory. Special attention is placed on modeling the nonlinear wave-current interaction, the cyclic plasticity behavior of marine deposits and the soil-structure contact effect. The paper extends an existing Masing model to large strain regime (in the order of 10−2) in the framework of cyclic plasticity for capturing the liquefaction-induced nonlinear behavior of marine deposits. Then the proposed cyclic plasticity model is implanted into an explicit time matching finite difference analysis platform, permitting a comprehensive simulation of the intensive response of the immersed tunnel in the seabed experiencing the excess pore pressure accumulation and residual liquefaction. Retrospective simulation of a well-documented centrifuge test by the proposed framework indicates satisfactory agreement, validating the reliability for capturing the excess pore pressure accumulation and residual liquefaction during wave propagation. Finally, the influences of current on the wave-induced liquefaction in the vicinity of an immersed tunnel are investigated by a numerical example. The results indicate that the ocean current significantly changes the original characteristics of wave-induced liquefaction as well as the induced uplift of the immersed tunnel, especially with consideration of the cyclic plasticity behavior of marine deposits. The mechanisms of seabed liquefaction and the induced uplift of the immersed tunnel under wave and current actions are also interpreted

中文翻译：

---

波浪和电流传播作用下可液化海底沉管隧道的隆升

摘要 在海洋环境中，波浪通常与洋流一起传播。本文基于Biot动力固结理论，提出了波流联合加载下沉管周围可液化海床弹塑性固结行为的循环表征框架。特别注意模拟非线性波-流相互作用、海洋沉积物的循环塑性行为和土壤-结构接触效应。该论文将现有的 Masing 模型扩展到循环塑性框架中的大应变范围（大约 10-2），以捕获海洋沉积物的液化引起的非线性行为。然后将所提出的循环塑性模型植入到显式时间匹配有限差分分析平台中，允许全面模拟海底沉管隧道在经历超孔隙压力积累和残余液化时的强烈响应。通过所提出的框架对记录良好的离心机测试进行的回顾性模拟表明令人满意的一致性，验证了在波传播过程中捕获超孔隙压力积累和残余液化的可靠性。最后，通过数值算例研究了电流对沉管附近波浪致液化的影响。结果表明，特别是考虑到海洋沉积物的循环塑性行为，洋流显着改变了波浪诱导液化的原始特征以及沉管隧道的诱导隆升。