The digital presentation of gender and sexuality has been a long-standing concern in HCI and CSCW. There is also a growing interest in exploring more nuanced presentations of identity afforded in emerging online social spaces that have not been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we endeavor to contribute towards this research agenda in yet another new media context -- live streaming -- by analyzing female and LGBTQ streamers’ practices to present and manage their gender identity and sexual identity. Our findings highlight streamers’ gender representation and sexual representation as a demonstration of controlling their own bodies, an awareness of the audiences and the resistance to their expectations, and an exhibition of the affordances and power structure of the specific online social space. We extend existing studies on live streaming by exploring the understudied gender identity and sexual identity aspect of the streaming practices. We also highlight the less audience/performance-oriented but more self-driven aspect of digital representations and the importance of affirmation and empowerment in this process. We add nuance to the existing HCI/CSCW studies on gender and sexuality by investigating a highly dynamic, interactive, and multilayered self-presentation mechanism emerging in live streaming and point to the need for potential new lenses to analyze technology-supported identity construction.

在HCI和CSCW中，性别和性行为的数字化表示一直是一个长期关注的问题。人们对探索新兴的在线社交空间中尚未被深入研究的身份的细微差别表示越来越感兴趣。在本文中，我们将通过分析女性和LGBTQ节目主持人的做法来展示和管理其性别认同和性认同，努力在另一个新的媒体背景下为直播研究做出贡献。我们的研究结果强调了流媒体的性别代表性和性代表性，以表现出对自己身体的控制，对观众的了解以及对他们期望的抵制，以及对特定在线社交空间的承受能力和权力结构的展示。通过探索人们对流媒体实践的研究不足的性别认同和性认同方面，我们扩展了有关实时流媒体的现有研究。我们还强调了数字表示形式的受众/表演较少，但自我驱动的方面，以及在此过程中肯定和授权的重要性。通过调查实时流媒体中出现的高度动态，互动和多层的自我展示机制，我们为现有的HCI / CSCW研究中的性别和性行为增加了细微差别，并指出需要潜在的新镜头来分析技术支持的身份建构。我们还强调了数字表示形式的受众/表演较少，但自我驱动的方面，以及在此过程中肯定和授权的重要性。通过调查实时流媒体中出现的高度动态，互动和多层的自我展示机制，我们为现有的HCI / CSCW研究中的性别和性行为增加了细微差别，并指出需要潜在的新镜头来分析技术支持的身份建构。我们还强调了数字表示形式的受众/表演较少，但自我驱动的方面，以及在此过程中肯定和授权的重要性。通过调查实时流媒体中出现的高度动态，互动和多层的自我展示机制，我们为现有的HCI / CSCW研究中的性别和性行为增加了细微差别，并指出需要潜在的新镜头来分析技术支持的身份建构。