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DIRECT RADIOCARBON DATING OF CHARCOAL-BASED INK IN PAPYRI: A FEASIBILITY STUDY
Radiocarbon ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 , DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2020.94
Mariaelena Fedi , Serena Barone , Luca Carraresi , Simona Dominici , Lucia Liccioli

When dating documents by radiocarbon (14C), what we typically measure is the concentration of the support (e.g. paper, parchment, or papyrus). This can however lead to a possible misinterpretation of results because the support may be older than the writing itself. To minimize such a possible ambiguity, the ideal approach would be direct dating of the ink or color (if organic). Here we propose a feasibility study to date carbon-based black inks when deposited on papyrus, one of the most widespread writing supports used in the past. We prepared test samples, using a commercial papyrus and a homemade black ink, obtained combining modern charcoal fragments and Arabic gum. Even though the ink binder might have represented the best candidate to be dated, we verified by FTIR that the molecular composition of its soluble fraction is very similar to papyrus extractives, thus identifying the residual charcoals recovered after extraction as the most suitable material for the measurement. Enough charcoal material was extracted from the test samples and processed using our new setup optimized for microgram-size samples. The overall experimental procedure was found to be reproducible, and measured 14C concentrations were coherent with the data obtained from larger samples and raw materials.

中文翻译:

纸莎草纸中炭基墨水的直接放射性碳测年:可行性研究

当用放射性碳对文件进行约会时(14C),我们通常测量的是支持物(例如纸、羊皮纸或纸莎草纸)的浓度。然而,这可能会导致对结果的误解,因为支持可能比写作本身更早。为了尽量减少这种可能的歧义,理想的方法是直接确定墨水或颜色(如果是有机的)的年代。在这里,我们提出了一项可行性研究,以确定碳基黑色墨水沉积在纸莎草纸上时的日期,纸莎草纸是过去使用最广泛的书写载体之一。我们准备了测试样品,使用商业纸莎草纸和自制黑色墨水,结合现代木炭碎片和阿拉伯胶获得。尽管油墨粘合剂可能代表了最好的候选者,但我们通过 FTIR 验证其可溶性部分的分子组成与纸莎草提取物非常相似,从而将提取后回收的残留木炭确定为最适合测量的材料。从测试样品中提取了足够的木炭材料,并使用我们针对微克级样品优化的新设置进行处理。整个实验过程被发现是可重复的,并测量14C 浓度与从较大样品和原材料中获得的数据一致。
更新日期:2020-09-23
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