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Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the Cordillera Huayhuash, Peru: Historic Events and Current Susceptibility
Water ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 , DOI: 10.3390/w12102664
Jan Baťka , Vít Vilímek , Eva Štefanová , Simon J. Cook , Adam Emmer

The aim of this paper is to create a glacial lake inventory for the Cordillera Huayhuash in Peru and to evaluate the susceptibility of lakes to the generation of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Using high-resolution satellite images, we undertook qualitative and quantitative analysis of lake type, characteristics and distribution, and placed our findings within the context of existing Peru-wide lake inventories. We also mapped and analyzed past GLOFs, revealing a total of 10 GLOFs and 4 ambiguous events, most of which have not been reported before. We found that past GLOFs usually occurred as a result of moraine dam breach during the proglacial stage of lake evolution. Further, we used our lake inventory to evaluate GLOF susceptibility of all lakes larger than 20,000 m2. Of 46 evaluated lakes, only two lakes (Lake Tsacra and Lake W014) are currently susceptible to generating a GLOF, which would most likely be through dam overtopping resulting from a flood originating in smaller lakes located upstream. The future perspectives of lake evolution and implications for GLOF hazard management are discussed in light of the post-Little Ice Age glacier ice loss as well as in the context of extensive related research undertaken in the nearby Cordillera Blanca.

中文翻译:

秘鲁瓦伊瓦什山脉的冰川湖溃决洪水 (GLOF):历史事件和当前的易感性

本文的目的是为秘鲁的 Cordillera Huayhuash 创建一个冰川湖清单,并评估湖泊对冰川湖溃决洪水 (GLOF) 产生的敏感性。使用高分辨率卫星图像,我们对湖泊类型、特征和分布进行了定性和定量分析,并将我们的发现置于秘鲁现有湖泊清单的背景下。我们还对过去的 GLOF 进行了映射和分析,揭示了总共 10 个 GLOF 和 4 个模棱两可的事件,其中大部分以前没有报道过。我们发现过去的 GLOF 通常是由于湖泊演化的前冰期期间冰碛坝溃决而发生的。此外,我们使用我们的湖泊清单来评估所有大于 20,000 平方米的湖泊的 GLOF 敏感性。在 46 个评估的湖泊中,目前只有两个湖泊(Tsacra 湖和 W014 湖)容易产生 GLOF,这很可能是由于源自上游较小湖泊的洪水造成的大坝漫溢。根据小冰河时代后的冰川冰损失以及在附近的 Cordillera Blanca 进行的广泛相关研究,讨论了湖泊演化的未来前景和对 GLOF 灾害管理的影响。
更新日期:2020-09-23
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