We analyzed the distribution of suspended sediments concentration (SSC) in the Yellow River Estuary based on data from GaoFen-1 (GF-1), which is a high-resolution satellite carrying a wide field-of-view (WFV) sensor and panchromatic and a multispectral (PMS) sensor on it. A new SSC retrieval model for the wide field-of-view sensor (M-WFV) was established based on the relationship between in-situ SSC and the reflectance in blue and near infrared bands. SSC obtained from 16 WFV1 images were analyzed in the Yellow River Estuary. The results show that (1) SSC in the study area is mainly 100–3500 mg/L, with the highest value being around 4500 mg/L. (2) The details of suspended sediment injection phenomenon were found in the Yellow River Estuary. The SSC distribution in the coastal water has two forms. One is that the high SSC water evenly distributes near the coast and the gradient of the SSC is similar. The other is that the high SSC water concentrates at the right side of the estuary (Laizhou Bay) with a significantly large area. Usually, there is a clear-water notch at the left side of the estuary. (3) Currents clearly influenced the SSC distribution in the Yellow River Estuary. The SSC gradient in the estuary was high against the local current direction. On the contrary, the SSC gradient in the estuary was small towards the local current direction. Eroding the coast and resuspension of the bottom sediments, together with currents, are the major factors influencing the SSC distribution in nearshore water in the Yellow River Estuary.

中文翻译：

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黄河口悬浮泥沙注入的GF-1卫星观测

我们根据高分1号（GF-1）的数据分析了黄河河口的悬浮沉积物浓度（SSC）的分布，该数据是携带宽视场（WFV）传感器和全色的高分辨率卫星以及一个多光谱（PMS）传感器。基于原位SSC与蓝色和近红外波段反射率之间的关系，建立了一种新的SSC检索模型，用于宽视场传感器（M-WFV）。在黄河河口分析了从16张WFV1图像获得的SSC。结果表明：（1）研究区的SSC主要为100-3500 mg / L，最高值为4500 mg / L。（2）在黄河口发现了悬沙注入现象的细节。SSC在沿海水中的分布有两种形式。一是南海的高水位均匀分布在海岸附近，南海的坡度相似。另一个原因是高南南合作水集中在河口（莱州湾）的右侧，面积很大。通常，在河口左侧有一个清水切口。（3）洋流明显影响了黄河口南海的分布。河口的SSC梯度相对于当地电流方向较高。相反，河口的SSC梯度朝向当地电流方向较小。侵蚀海岸和底部沉积物的再悬浮以及水流是影响黄河口近岸水中SSC分布的主要因素。另一个原因是高南南合作水集中在河口（莱州湾）的右侧，面积很大。通常，在河口左侧有一个清水切口。（3）洋流明显影响了黄河口南海的分布。河口的SSC梯度相对于当地电流方向较高。相反，河口的SSC梯度朝向当地电流方向较小。侵蚀海岸和底部沉积物的再悬浮以及水流是影响黄河口近岸水中SSC分布的主要因素。另一个原因是高南南合作水集中在河口（莱州湾）的右侧，面积很大。通常，在河口左侧有一个清水切口。（3）洋流明显影响了黄河口南海的分布。河口的SSC梯度相对于当地电流方向较高。相反，河口的SSC梯度朝向当地电流方向较小。侵蚀海岸和底部沉积物的再悬浮以及水流是影响黄河口近岸水中SSC分布的主要因素。（3）洋流明显影响了黄河口南海的分布。河口的SSC梯度相对于当地电流方向较高。相反，河口的SSC梯度朝向当地电流方向较小。侵蚀海岸和底部沉积物的再悬浮以及水流是影响黄河口近岸水中SSC分布的主要因素。（3）洋流明显影响了黄河口南海的分布。河口的SSC梯度相对于当地电流方向较高。相反，河口的SSC梯度朝向当地电流方向较小。侵蚀海岸和底部沉积物的再悬浮以及水流是影响黄河口近岸水中SSC分布的主要因素。