Liver fluke proteins, including excretory-secretory products (ESPs) and tegument proteins, are critical for the pathogenesis, nutrient metabolism, etiology and immune response of liver cancer. To understand the functions of various proteins in Clonorchis sinensis physiology and human clonorchiasis, the ESPs and tegument proteins of C. sinensis were identified. Supernatants containing ESPs from adult C. sinensis after culture for 6 h were harvested and concentrated. The tegument was detached using a freeze/thaw method and successively extracted using various extraction buffers. The outer surface proteins of C. sinensis were labeled with biotin, and the biotinylated proteins were purified. The ESP, tegument and labeled outer surface proteins were identified and analyzed by high-resolution LC-MS/MS. The identified proteins were compared with those of other flukes, and the protein functions associated with pathogenesis, carcinogenesis and potential vaccine antigens and drug targets were predicted and analyzed. A total of 175 proteins were identified after the 6-h culture of C. sinensis ESPs. A total of 352 tegument proteins were identified through sequential solubilization of the isolated teguments, and a subset of these proteins were localized to the surface membrane of the tegument by labeling with biotin. Thirty identified proteins, including annexins, actin and tetraspanins, were identified as potential immunomodulators and promising vaccine antigens. Interestingly, among the 352 tegument proteins, as many as 155 were enzymes, and most were oxidoreductases, hydrolases or transferases. A comparison of the outer surface proteins of C. sinensis with those of other flukes indicated that flukes have some common outer surface proteins, such as actin, tetraspanin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and annexin. Granulin, thioredoxin peroxiredoxin, carbonyl reductase 1 and cystatin were identified in the C. sinensis proteome and predicted to be related to liver disease and cancer. The analysis of the C. sinensis proteome could contribute to a more in-depth understanding of complex parasite-host relationships, improve the diagnosis of clonorchiasis and benefit research on the pathogenesis and development of novel interventions, drugs and vaccines to control C. sinensis infection.

肝吸虫蛋白，包括排泄-分泌产物（ESP）和外皮蛋白，对于肝癌的发病机理，营养代谢，病因和免疫反应至关重要。了解各种蛋白质的功能华支睾吸虫 生理和人类支气管扩张，ESPs和外皮蛋白 中华被确定。含有成人ESP的上清液中华培养6小时后，收获并浓缩。使用冷冻/解冻方法分离该外皮，并使用各种提取缓冲液连续提取。的外表面蛋白中华用生物素标记，并纯化生物素化的蛋白质。通过高分辨率LC-MS / MS鉴定并分析了ESP，外皮和标记的外表面蛋白。将鉴定出的蛋白质与其他Fluke蛋白质进行比较，并预测和分析与发病机制，致癌作用和潜在疫苗抗原以及药物靶标相关的蛋白质功能。经过6小时的培养，共鉴定出175种蛋白质。中华ESP。通过顺序溶解分离出的外皮，鉴定出总共352种外皮蛋白质，并且通过用生物素标记将这些蛋白质的一部分定位在外皮的表面膜上。已鉴定出三十种蛋白质，包括膜联蛋白，肌动蛋白和四跨膜蛋白，它们是潜在的免疫调节剂和有希望的疫苗抗原。有趣的是，在352种外皮蛋白中，有155种是酶，而大多数是氧化还原酶，水解酶或转移酶。大豆外表面蛋白的比较中华与其他吸虫相比，吸虫具有一些常见的外表面蛋白，例如肌动蛋白，四跨膜蛋白，3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶（GAPDH）和膜联蛋白。谷粒中发现了颗粒蛋白，硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶，羰基还原酶1和胱抑素。中华蛋白质组，并预计与肝脏疾病和癌症有关。的分析中华 蛋白质组学可以有助于更深入地了解复杂的寄生虫与宿主的关系，改善支气管扩张的诊断，并有利于控制新的干预措施，药物和疫苗的发病机理和发展研究 中华 感染。