Abstract The current paper briefly outlines how researchers from multiple sub-fields of cognitive science have independently converged upon a relational account of language and cognition. However, most of this research from the cognitive sciences has focused on the description and prediction of cognitive/linguistic outcomes, rather than on influencing them per se. In particular, there is general consensus from cognitive science that cognitive training programs are ineffective. On the other hand, behavioral selection by consequences (i.e., operant psychology) is one of the most robust findings in psychological science, and is a principle commonly employed to influence behavior across a range of settings. We provide an introduction to Relational Frame Theory (RFT) as a form of advanced operant psychology, and describe how relatively complex patterns of behavior can be shaped up by applying targeted schedules of reinforcement to more primitive relational responses, drawing on examples from contemporary cognitive training literature and experimental behavior analysis.

中文翻译：

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多个领域在关系推理认知方法上的收敛。

摘要 本文简要概述了来自认知科学多个子领域的研究人员如何独立地将语言和认知的关系描述融合在一起。然而，认知科学的大部分研究都集中在认知/语言结果的描述和预测上，而不是影响它们本身。特别是，认知科学普遍认为认知训练计划是无效的。另一方面，基于后果的行为选择（即操作心理学）是心理科学中最有力的发现之一，并且是通常用于在一系列环境中影响行为的原则。我们介绍了关系框架理论 (RFT) 作为高级操作心理学的一种形式，