Abstract

Wavefunction-splitting or mask method, widely used in the non-relativistic calculations of the photoelectron angular distributions, is extended to the relativistic domain within the dipole approximation. Since the closed-form expressions for the relativistic Volkov states are not available within the dipole approximation, we build such states numerically solving a single second-order differential equation. We calculate the photoelectron energy spectra and angular distributions for highly charged ions under different ionization regimes with both the direct and the relativistic mask methods. We show that the relativistic mask method works very well and reproduces the electron energy and angular distributions calculated by the direct method in the energy range where both methods can be used. On the other hand, the relativistic mask method can be applied for longer laser pulses and/or higher photoelectron energies where the direct method may have difficulties.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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在强激光场中氢样离子电离后电子动量分布的相对论掩模方法

摘要

在光电子角分布的非相对论计算中广泛使用的波函数分裂或遮罩方法在偶极近似内扩展到相对论域。由于相对论性的沃尔科夫状态的闭式表达式在偶极近似中不可用，因此我们建立了用数值方法求解单个二阶微分方程的状态。我们使用直接和相对论掩模方法，计算了在不同电离状态下高电荷离子的光电子能谱和角度分布。我们表明，相对论掩模法的效果很好，并且可以再现在两种方法都可以使用的能量范围内通过直接方法计算出的电子能量和角度分布。另一方面，

图形概要