Embryo culture is important for the propagation of many species, and has proved to be efficient for overcoming seminal dormancy in Acrocomia aculeata, a neotropical palm having significant agro-industrial potential. Difficulties related to acclimatizing its in vitro cultured seedlings, however, restrict the commercial use of that technique. We therefore compared the development of A. aculeata seedlings cultivated ex vitro and in vitro to identify possible causes for its low propensity for acclimatization. Morphological, anatomical, micromorphometric, and histochemical evaluations were carried out on seedlings during both ex vitro and in vitro development. In vitro culture restricts the development of the haustorium, root system, and leaves. Restrictions of cell divisions in the epidermis and cell expansion in the parenchyma, together with the accumulation of phenolic compounds, lead to haustorium atrophy. The roots showed decreased thickness and branching, a reduced cortex, the absence of phenolic compound deposition, and early aerenchyma formation. The leaves show hypertrophied hypodermises, reduced chlorophyllous parenchyma, less carbohydrate deposition in the mesophyll, and less epicuticular wax. Those developmental limitations of the haustorium, roots, and leaves, contribute to the low acclimatization capacity of the seedlings. The incorporation into the culture medium of organic substances found in the endosperm, the hormonal stimulus of root development, as well as autotrophic culture may improve the acclimatization of A. aculeata seedlings.

胚胎培养对于许多物种的繁殖很重要，并且已证明可以有效克服Acrocomia aculeata（一种具有显着的农业工业潜力的新热带棕榈）的精子休眠。然而，与其体外培养的幼苗的适应有关的困难限制了该技术的商业应用。因此，我们比较了A. aculeata的发育体外和体外培养的幼苗，以查明其适应环境倾向低的可能原因。在离体和体外发育过程中对幼苗进行了形态，解剖，微观形态和组织化学评估。体外培养限制了化脓室，根系和叶片的发育。表皮中细胞分裂的限制和实质中细胞的扩张，以及酚类化合物的积累，导致了化脓性萎缩。根部显示出减少的厚度和分支，减少的皮层，不存在酚类化合物沉积以及早期的动脉瘤形成。叶子显示出肥厚的皮下组织，叶绿素薄壁组织减少，叶肉中的碳水化合物沉积减少以及表皮蜡减少。抽烟，根和叶的这些发育限制导致幼苗的适应能力低。将胚乳中发现的有机物质，根部发育的激素刺激以及自养培养物掺入培养基中可以改善植物的适应性。A. aculeata幼苗。