A convenient chemical vapor transport (CVT) approach to fabricate orthorhombic black phosphorus (BP) single crystal under vacuum is presented. In this system of red phosphorus (RP), tin (Sn), and iodine (I₂), the preparation process is recorded in detail and then a relatively optimal temperature program is proposed. The preparation time can be significantly reduced, which takes only 1035 min. And we investigate that the possibility of Sn₂₄P_19.3I₈ works as the nucleation agent of BP from the theoretical and experimental perspectives. And the theoretical prediction and calculation verify that Sn₂₄P_19.3I₈ is similar with BP in terms of structure and the existence of Sn₂₄P_19.3I₈ accorded with the laws of thermodynamics. Additionally, we observe that BP actually grows on Sn₂₄P_19.3I₈ by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for the first time.

提出了一种方便的化学气相传输（CVT）方法在真空下制备正交晶黑磷（BP）单晶的方法。在这个由红磷（RP），锡（Sn）和碘（I ₂）组成的系统中，详细记录了制备过程，然后提出了一个相对最佳的温度程序。准备时间可以大大减少，仅需1035分钟。并且我们从理论和实验的角度研究了Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈作为BP成核剂的可能性。并通过理论预测和计算验证了Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈Sn的结构与BP相似，并且Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈的存在符合热力学定律。此外，我们首次通过高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）观察到BP实际上在Sn ₂₄ P _19.3 I ₈上生长。