Genomic prediction (GP) might be an efficient way to improve haploid induction rate (HIR) and to reduce the laborious and time‐consuming task of phenotypic selection for HIR in maize (Zea mays L.). In this study, we evaluated GP accuracies for HIR and other agronomic traits of importance to inducers by independent and cross‐validation. We propose the use of GP for cross prediction and parental selection in the development of new inducer breeding populations. A panel of 159 inducers from Iowa State University (ISU set) was genotyped and phenotyped for HIR and several agronomic traits. The data of an independent set of 53 inducers evaluated by the University of Hohenheim (UOH set) was used for independent validation. The HIR ranged from 0.61 to 20.74% and exhibited high heritability (0.90). High cross‐validation prediction accuracy was observed for HIR (r = 0.82), whereas for other traits it ranged from 0.36 (self‐induction rate) to 0.74 (days to anthesis). Prediction accuracies across different sets were higher when the larger panel (ISU set) was used as a training population (r = 0.54). The average HIR of the 12,561 superior predicted progenies (μ_SP) ranged from 1.00–18.36% and was closely related to the corresponding midparent genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV). A predicted genetic variance (V_G) of reduced magnitude was observed in the twenty crosses with highest midparent GEBV or μ_SP for HIR. Our results indicate that although GP is a useful tool for parental selection, decisions about which cross combinations should be pursued need to be based on optimal trade‐offs between maximizing both μ_SP and V_G.

中文翻译：

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玉米母本单倍体诱导率的基因组预测

基因组预测（GP）可能是提高单倍体诱导率（HIR）并减少玉米HIR表型选择费力且费时的任务的有效方法（玉米）L.）。在这项研究中，我们通过独立和交叉验证评估了GP对HIR和其他对诱导剂重要的农艺性状的准确性。我们建议在新的诱导物育种种群的发展中将GP用于交叉预测和父母选择。对爱荷华州立大学（ISU集）的159种诱导物进行了基因分型和表型分析，以了解HIR和几种农艺性状。霍恩海姆大学评估的一组独立的53个诱导物的数据（UOH组）用于独立验证。HIR范围为0.61至20.74％，并显示出高遗传力（0.90）。HIR的交叉验证预测准确性较高（r = 0.82），而其他性状的准确性介于0.36（自我诱导率）至0.74（天花期）之间。当使用较大的面板（ISU集）作为训练人口时，不同组的预测准确性较高（r = 0.54）。12,561个上等预测子代的平均HIR（μ_SP的范围为1.00-18.36％，与相应的中亲基因组估计育种值（GEBV）密切相关。预测的遗传方差（V _ģ在二十杂交观察到具有最高中亲GEBV或μ减小的大小的）_SP为HIR。我们的研究结果表明，虽然GP为亲本选择一个有用的工具，对此杂交组合应当继续需要决定要基于最大化两者之间μ最佳权衡_SP和V _{G ^}。