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The Faxinal System: Forest fragmentation and soil degradation on the communal grazing land
Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography ( IF 2.000 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-02 , DOI: 10.1111/sjtg.12258
Valdemir Antoneli 1 , Edivaldo Lopes Thomaz 2 , João Anésio Bednarz 1
Affiliation  

The Brazilian faxinal is a traditional agrosilvopastoral system, which combines extensive grazing, subsistence cropping and low impact forest extraction, managed within a communal property system. Today it is at serious risk of disappearing due to increasing grazing pressure and logging activities that are leading to environmental problems such as forest fragmentation and soil degradation. The objectives of the study were to: a) evaluate soil physical degradation levels in different grazing areas within the faxinal system; and b) correlate soil degradation, fodder quantity and livestock dynamics in different pasture areas according to the household's location. Landscape mapping, vegetation surveys, and livestock grazing dynamics were assessed. In addition, soil physical parameters were evaluated for each land use (e.g., resistance, bulk density, porosity, moisture, and water infiltration rates). Results showed that livestock grazing and household locations are the main driving forces that lead to forest fragmentation. The household location creates three interrelated gradients in the communal grazing land: 1) soil physical degradation decreases from the pasture areas to araucaria forests; 2) fodder quantity decreases from pastures to araucaria forests; and 3) the livestock grazing intensity decreases from pastures to araucaria forests. In addition, some management practices to mitigate land degradation, including improvement of pastures, installation of removable troughs for drinking water in the upland areas and restriction of livestock from the riparian zone, have been proposed.

中文翻译:

传真系统:公共牧场上的森林破碎化和土壤退化

巴西传真是传统的农林牧系统,它结合了广泛的放牧,自给性作物种植和低影响的森林采伐,并在公共财产系统内进行管理。如今,由于放牧压力和伐木活动的增加,其面临消失的严重风险,导致诸如森林破碎和土壤退化等环境问题。该研究的目的是:a)评估fax骨系统内不同放牧区的土壤物理降解水平;b)根据家庭所在地将不同牧区的土壤退化,饲料数量和牲畜动态联系起来。评估了景观制图,植被调查和牲畜放牧动态。此外,还评估了每种土地用途的土壤物理参数(例如,抵抗力,堆积密度,孔隙率,水分和水的渗透率)。结果表明,放牧和家庭住所是导致森林破碎化的主要驱动力。家庭位置在公共牧场上形成了三个相互关联的梯度:1)土壤物理退化程度从牧场地到棕褐色的森林减少;2)牧草数量从牧场到南洋杉林减少;3)从牧场到棕褐色的森林,牲畜的放牧强度降低。此外,已经提出了一些减轻土地退化的管理措施,包括改善牧场,在高地地区安装饮用水的可移动槽以及限制沿河带的牲畜。结果表明,放牧和家庭住所是导致森林破碎化的主要驱动力。家庭位置在公共放牧地上形成了三个相互关联的梯度:1)土壤物理退化程度从牧场地到棕褐色的森林减少;2)牧草数量从牧场到南洋杉林减少;3)从牧场到棕褐色的森林,牲畜的放牧强度降低。此外,已经提出了一些减轻土地退化的管理措施,包括改善牧场,在高地地区安装饮用水的可移动槽以及限制沿河带的牲畜。结果表明,放牧和家庭住所是导致森林破碎化的主要驱动力。家庭位置在公共放牧地上形成了三个相互关联的梯度:1)土壤物理退化程度从牧场地到棕褐色的森林减少;2)牧草数量从牧场到南洋杉林减少;3)从牧场到棕褐色的森林,牲畜的放牧强度降低。此外,已经提出了一些减轻土地退化的管理措施,包括改善牧场,在高地地区安装可移动的饮用水槽以及限制沿河带的牲畜。家庭位置在公共牧场上形成了三个相互关联的梯度:1)土壤物理退化程度从牧场地到棕褐色的森林减少;2)牧草数量从牧场到南洋杉林减少;3)从牧场到棕褐色的森林,牲畜的放牧强度降低。此外,已经提出了一些减轻土地退化的管理措施,包括改善牧场,在高地地区安装饮用水的可移动槽以及限制沿河带的牲畜。家庭位置在公共牧场上形成了三个相互关联的梯度:1)土壤物理退化程度从牧场地到棕褐色的森林减少;2)牧草数量从牧场到南洋杉林减少;3)从牧场到棕褐色的森林,放牧强度降低。此外,已经提出了一些减轻土地退化的管理措施,包括改善牧场,在高地地区安装可移动的饮用水槽以及限制沿河带的牲畜。
更新日期:2018-08-02
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