Abstract In a matching test, a test taker is presented with a list of test items and a list of response alternatives and asked to match each response alternative with a test item. The response alternatives can be given as a response to at most one test item. As a result, the response a test taker offers to one test item depends on his or her responses to all of the other test items. This violates the “local independence” assumption underlying most existing item response theory (IRT) methods, such as the Rasch model. Here we develop a framework for extending dichotomous IRT models to account for test taking behavior on matching tests. This model separates an individual’s knowledge of the correct responses to the items of a matching test from his or her responses to those items. In addition to developing the matching framework, we derive a number of important properties, including its item response function and score distribution. Finally, we demonstrate through an empirical example that our matching test framework provides a good account of behavior on matching tests.

中文翻译：

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匹配测试性能的项目响应理论模型

摘要 在匹配测试中，应试者会看到一个测试项目列表和一个备选答案列表，并要求考生将每个备选答案与一个测试项目相匹配。响应选项可以作为对最多一个测试项目的响应给出。因此，应试者对一个测试项目的回答取决于他或她对所有其他测试项目的回答。这违反了大多数现有项目响应理论 (IRT) 方法（例如 Rasch 模型）背后的“局部独立性”假设。在这里，我们开发了一个框架来扩展二分 IRT 模型，以解释匹配测试中的应试行为。该模型将个人对匹配测试项目的正确反应的知识与他或她对这些项目的反应分开。除了开发匹配框架，我们推导出了许多重要的属性，包括它的项目响应函数和分数分布。最后，我们通过一个经验示例证明，我们的匹配测试框架很好地说明了匹配测试的行为。