Scholars have long been interested in the underpinnings of political ideology. Over the past fifteen years or so, political scientists, psychologists, sociologists, and economists have started to take seriously the idea that ideology might be influenced by genes. In this article, we review the literature on the genetics of ideology. We begin by describing twin studies and more sophisticated approaches that have now emerged, which consistently show that ideology is about 40% heritable. Next, we examine the state of research on genetic influences on ideology over the life cycle and mechanisms that could link genes and ideology. We conclude by discussing the preliminary genome-wide studies that have been conducted. Existing research has provided important insights into the link between biology and ideology, but additional research is needed in order to provide a more nuanced understanding of the role of biology in the formation of political ideology.

长期以来，学者对政治意识形态的基础很感兴趣。在过去的十五年左右的时间里，政治学家，心理学家，社会学家和经济学家已经开始认真考虑意识形态可能受基因影响的想法。在本文中，我们回顾了意识形态遗传学的文献。我们从描述双生子研究和现在已经出现的更复杂的方法开始，这些研究不断表明意识形态是可遗传的大约40％。接下来，我们研究在生命周期中遗传因素对意识形态的影响以及将基因和意识形态联系起来的机制的研究现状。最后，我们讨论了已进行的初步全基因组研究。现有研究为生物学与意识形态之间的联系提供了重要见解，