In this study, a phased array radar was used to accurately image stationary and moving ship targets on the vast sea surface. To solve the challenge in real-time processing of the massive amount of data generated by phased array synthetic-aperture radar imaging, this study leveraged the block sparse characteristics of ships on the sea surface and adopted the joint block orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm to obtain high-resolution one-dimensional range images. By only estimating the azimuth Doppler parameters of the targets within the range gates, the amount of process data was significantly reduced, and the data processing speed was enhanced. The synchrosqueezing transform-STFT algorithm was introduced to perform transient imaging as a solution to the blurred imaging of ships due to the three-dimensional swing under the action of waves. The images of the targets were obtained from different squint angles of the antenna array, which improved the imaging accuracy of ships on a vast sea surface. Compared with traditional imaging algorithms, this algorithm can effectively overcome the interference of sea clutter on ship imaging and the influence of sea waves on ship wobble; it can also obtain high-resolution imaging for both stationary and moving targets in a limited amount of time.

中文翻译：

---

基于块稀疏度的海面舰船目标成像算法

在这项研究中，相控阵雷达用于在广阔的海面上精确成像静止和运动的船舶目标。为解决相控阵合成孔径雷达成像实时处理海量数据的挑战，本研究利用舰船在海面上的块稀疏特性，采用联合块正交匹配追踪算法获得高分辨率一维范围图像。通过仅估计距离门内目标的方位多普勒参数，可以显着减少过程数据量，并提高数据处理速度。引入同步压缩变换STFT算法进行瞬态成像，以解决由于波浪作用下的三维摆动而造成的船舶模糊成像。从天线阵列的不同斜视角度获得目标的图像，从而提高了舰船在广阔海面上的成像精度。与传统的成像算法相比，该算法可以有效克服海杂波对船舶成像的干扰以及海浪对船舶摇摆的影响。它也可以在有限的时间内获得针对静止和运动目标的高分辨率成像。