Background: The UK Biobank (UKB) contains data with varying degrees of reliability and completeness for assessing depression. A third of participants completed a Mental Health Questionnaire (MHQ) containing the gold-standard Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) criteria for assessing mental health disorders. Aims: To investigate whether multiple observations of depression from sources other than the MHQ can enhance the validity of Major Depressive Disorder. Methods: In participants who did not complete the MHQ (n = 325k), we calculated the number of other depression measures endorsed, e.g. from hospital episode statistics and interview data. We compared cases defined this way to CIDI-defined cases for several estimates: the variance explained by polygenic risk scores (PRS), area under the curve attributable to PRS, SNP-based heritability, and genetic correlations with summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Major Depressive Disorder (PGC MDD) GWAS. Results: The strength of the genetic contribution increased with the number of measures endorsed. For example, SNP-based heritability increased from 7% in cases who endorsed only one measure of depression, to 21% in cases who endorsed four or five measures of depression. The strength of the genetic contribution to cases defined by at least two measures approximated that for CIDI-defined cases. Most genetic correlations between UKB and PGC MDD exceeded 0.7, but there was variability between pairwise comparisons. Conclusions: Multiple measures of depression can serve as a reliable approximation for case-status where the CIDI measure is not available, indicating sample size can be optimised using the entire suite of UKB data.

中文翻译：

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多种抑郁症措施可增强英国生物库中主要抑郁症的有效性

背景：英国生物库（UKB）包含的数据在评估抑郁症时具有不同程度的可靠性和完整性。三分之一的参与者完成了心理健康问卷（MHQ），其中包含用于评估心理健康障碍的金标准综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）标准。目的：研究从MHQ以外的其他来源对抑郁症进行的多次观察是否可以增强严重抑郁症的有效性。方法：在未完成MHQ（n = 325k）的参与者中，我们计算了其他被认可的抑郁措施的数量，例如根据医院发作统计数据和访谈数据。我们将以这种方式定义的案例与以CIDI定义的案例进行了几个估计值的比较：用多基因风险评分（PRS）解释的方差，归因于PRS的曲线下面积，基于SNP的遗传力和遗传相关性，以及来自精神病基因组学协会严重抑郁症（PGC MDD）GWAS的摘要统计信息。结果：遗传贡献的强度随着所批准的措施数量的增加而增加。例如，基于SNP的遗传力从仅批准一种抑郁量的病例的7％增加到赞同四或五种抑郁量的病例的21％。遗传对至少由两种方法定义的病例的贡献强度接近于CIDI定义的病例。UKB和PGC MDD之间的大多数遗传相关性都超过0.7，但成对比较之间存在差异。结论：对于没有CIDI措施的病例，可以使用多种抑郁测量方法作为可靠的近似估计，