Epigenome constitutes an important layer that regulates gene expression and dynamics during development and diseases. Extensive efforts have been made to develop epigenome profiling methods using a low number of cells and with high throughput. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is the most important approach for profiling genome-wide epigenetic changes such as histone modifications. In this report, we demonstrate microfluidic ChIPmentation (mu-CM), a microfluidic technology that enables profiling cell samples that individually do not generate enough ChIP DNA for sequencing library preparation. We used a simple microfluidic device to allow eight samples to be processed simultaneously. The samples were indexed differently using a tagmentation-based approach (ChIPmentation) and then merged for library preparation. A histone modification profile for each individual sample was obtained by demultiplexing the sequencing reads based on the indexes. Our technology allowed profiling 20 cells and is well suited for cell-type-specific studies using low-abundance tissues.

中文翻译：

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通过基于标记的索引和简便的微流体技术实现多路复用和超低输入 ChIP-seq。

表观基因组构成了在发育和疾病过程中调节基因表达和动态的重要层。已经做出了广泛的努力来开发使用少量细胞和高通量的表观基因组分析方法。染色质免疫沉淀 (ChIP) 是分析全基因组表观遗传变化（如组蛋白修饰）的最重要方法。在本报告中，我们展示了微流控 ChIPmentation (mu-CM)，这是一种微流控技术，能够分析单独无法生成足够用于测序文库制备的 ChIP DNA 的细胞样本。我们使用了一个简单的微流体装置来允许同时处理八个样品。使用基于标记的方法 (ChIPmentation) 对样本进行不同的索引，然后合并以进行文库制备。通过基于索引对测序读数进行多路分解，获得每个单独样品的组蛋白修饰谱。我们的技术允许分析 20 个细胞，非常适合使用低丰度组织的细胞类型特异性研究。