To meet the growing demand for an alternative animal protein source, the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) industry is expanding. Thus, the valuation of its byproducts, foremost BSF frass, is getting more economic and ecological weight. Three different residues, BSF frass, larval skins, and dead adult flies, were compared with a mineral and an organic commercial fertilizer in a pot trial with maize (Zea mays L., [Poales: Poaceae]). byproducts were applied in three nutrient-based application rates (180; 215 kg N/ha; 75 kg P₂O₅/ha), and plant nutrients, physiological and yield parameters were measured at harvest date. Ground flies had the highest N-fertilizing effect of all byproducts, similar to commercial mineral and organic fertilizers used as controls, whereas its proportion of the BSF production systems’ output is low. Frass as the abundant byproduct showed comparably low N-fertilization effects. Its low N availability was attributed to volatilization losses, mainly driven by high pH and ammonium contents. BSF frass as the main byproduct output is more suited as a basic fertilizer or potting substrate amendment than as a short-term organic fertilizer. Postprocessing of frass seems reasonable. For a profound assessment of frass as fertilizer, several aspects (e.g., the overall impact of postprocessing, plant strengthening and plant protection potential, effects on microbial processes) must be clarified.

中文翻译：

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评估黑士兵蝇（双翅目：Stratiomyidae）副产物对玉米的氮肥和磷肥作用。

为了满足对替代动物蛋白来源不断增长的需求，黑士兵蝇（BSF）（Hermetia illucens）行业正在扩大。因此，对其副产品（最重要的是BSF苦菜）的估价越来越具有经济和生态价值。在玉米的盆栽试验中（Zea mays L。，[Poales：Poaceae]），将三种不同的残留物（BSF苦菜，幼虫皮肤和成年蝇死亡）与矿物质和有机商业肥料进行了比较。副产品以三种基于营养物的施用量施用（180; 215 kg N / ha; 75 kg P ₂ O ₅/ ha），并在收获日期测量了植物养分，生理和产量参数。地蝇在所有副产品中具有最高的氮肥效应，类似于用作对照的商业矿物和有机肥料，而其在BSF生产系统产量中的比例很低。弗拉斯作为丰富的副产物表现出相对较低的氮肥效应。其低氮利用率归因于挥发损失，这主要是由高pH和铵含量驱动的。与主要的副产品相比，BSF青菜更适合作为基本肥料或盆栽基质改良剂，而不是短期有机肥料。苦酒的后处理似乎是合理的。为了深入评估作为肥料的生菜，它涉及多个方面（例如，后处理，植物强化和植物保护潜力的总体影响，