The objective of this study was to assess the effect of environmental cadmium exposure according to urinary cadmium concentration (U‐Cd) on noncancer mortality in a general Japanese population. We conducted a longitudinal study for 19 years in 2804 inhabitants (1107 men and 1697 women) in some cadmium nonpolluted regions in Japan. The participants were classified into quartiles based on U‐Cd (μg/g cre) adjusted for urinary creatinine. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for continuous U‐Cd or the quartiles of U‐Cd were calculated for noncancer mortality. By applying a Fine and Gray competing risk model, continuous U‐Cd (+1 μg/g cre) showed significant HR for cardiocerebrovascular diseases (HR 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.11), cerebrovascular diseases (HR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01–1.16), and cerebral infarction (HR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04–1.20) in men. However, notable significant HR for continuous and quartered U‐Cd were not observed in women. In this study, U‐Cd was associated with increased cardiocerebrovascular mortality in a general Japanese population, suggesting that environmental cadmium exposure is detrimental to the life prognosis in cadmium nonpolluted regions in Japan.

中文翻译：

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镉非污染地区一般日本人群的环境镉暴露和非癌症死亡率

本研究的目的是根据尿镉浓度 (U-Cd) 评估环境镉暴露对日本一般人群非癌症死亡率的影响。我们对日本一些镉非污染地区的 2804 名居民（1107 名男性和 1697 名女性）进行了为期 19 年的纵向研究。参与者根据尿肌酐调整后的 U-Cd (μg/g cre) 分为四分位数。计算非癌症死亡率的连续 U-Cd 或 U-Cd 的四分位数的风险比 (HR) 和 95% 置信区间 (95% CI)。通过应用 Fine 和 Gray 竞争风险模型，连续 U-Cd (+1 μg/g cre) 显示出显着的心脑血管疾病 HR (HR 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.11)、脑血管疾病 (HR 1.08, 95% CI) : 1.01–1.16) 和脑梗塞 (HR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04–1。20) 在男性中。然而，在女性中未观察到连续和四分之一 U-Cd 的显着 HR。在这项研究中，U-Cd 与日本一般人群的心脑血管死亡率增加有关，这表明环境镉暴露对日本无镉污染地区的生活预后有害。