Bolshaya Imandra, the northern sub‐basin of Lake Imandra, was investigated by a hydro‐acoustic survey followed by sediment coring down to the acoustic basement. The sediment record was analysed by a combined physical, biogeochemical, sedimentological, granulometrical and micropalaeontological approach to reconstruct the regional climatic and environmental history. Chronological control was obtained by ¹⁴C dating, ¹³⁷Cs, and Hg markers as well as pollen stratigraphy and revealed that the sediment succession offers the first continuous record spanning the Lateglacial and Holocene for this lake. Following the deglaciation prior to c. 13 200 cal. a BP, the lake's sub‐basin initially was occupied by a glacifluvial river system, before a proglacial lake with glaciolacustrine sedimentation established. Rather mild climate, a sparse vegetation cover and successive retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) from the lake catchment characterized the Bølling/Allerød interstadial, lasting until 12 710 cal. a BP. During the subsequent Younger Dryas chronozone, until 11 550 cal. a BP, climate cooling led to a decrease in vegetation cover and a re‐advance of the SIS. The SIS disappeared from the catchment at the Holocene transition, but small glaciers persisted in the mountains at the eastern lake shore. During the Early Holocene, until 8400 cal. a BP, sedimentation changed from glaciolacustrine to lacustrine and rising temperatures caused the spread of thermophilous vegetation. The Middle Holocene, until 3700 cal. a BP, comprises the regional Holocene Thermal Maximum (8000–4600 cal. a BP) with relatively stable temperatures, denser vegetation cover and absence of mountain glaciers. Reoccurrence of mountain glaciers during the Late Holocene, until 30 cal. a BP, presumably results from a slight cooling and increased humidity. Since c. 30 cal. a BP Lake Imandra has been strongly influenced by human impact, originating in industrial and mining activities. Our results are in overall agreement with vegetation and climate reconstructions in the Kola region.

中文翻译：

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伊曼德拉湖的沉积物序列揭示了俄罗斯西北部可乐地区的晚冰川和全新世环境历史

通过水声调查对伊曼德拉湖北部子盆地Bolshaya Imandra进行了调查，然后将沉积物取芯至声基底。通过结合物理，生物地球化学，沉积学，粒度分析和微古生物学方法分析了沉积物记录，以重建区域气候和环境历史。通过¹⁴ C测年，¹³⁷ Cs和Hg标记以及花粉地层学获得了年代学控制，并揭示了沉积物的连续性为该湖的晚冰期和全新世提供了连续的第一个记录。在c之前的冰消之后。13200卡路里 作为一个BP，该湖的次流域最初被冰川河流系统所占据，然后建立了具有冰川湖沉积的冰河湖。气候较为温和，植被稀疏，斯堪的纳维亚冰盖（SIS）从湖泊集水区连续退缩，其特征是Bølling/Allerød陆缘持续至12 710卡。BP。在随后的Younger Dryas chronozone中，直到11 550 cal。在BP中，气候变冷导致植被覆盖率降低和SIS的提前发展。SIS在全新世过渡期从集水区消失，但小冰川仍留在东部湖岸的山区。全新世早期，直到8400 cal。a BP，沉积从冰川湖变为湖相，并且温度升高引起嗜热植物的扩散。中全新世，直到3700 cal。一个BP包括区域全新世最高温度（8000-4600 cal。a BP），具有相对稳定的温度，茂密的植被覆盖和没有高山冰川。全新世晚期至30 cal期间山冰川再次发生。BP大概是由于略微冷却和湿度增加所致。以来c。30卡路里 BP伊曼德拉湖受到人类影响的强烈影响，源于工业和采矿活动。我们的结果与科拉地区的植被和气候重建总体上是一致的。