Abstract Biofuel can become a promising sustainable energy resource in India by substituting conventional fossil fuels. However, the biofuel industry is still in its initial stage due to barriers in technical, economic, social, and regulatory dimensions. In this study, thirty-eight barriers to the sustainable development of biofuels were explored by reviewing the literature and expert opinions. Then, an integrated approach combining “Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM)” and “Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL)” methodology was employed to establish a mutual relationship between the challenges and simultaneously obtaining the intensity of this interrelationship to identify the most significant ones. Further, these barriers are also clustered using “Matriced Impacts Croises Multiplication Appliquee a un Classement (MICMAC)” analysis. The results of the study reveal that four challenges, i.e., “Lack of governmental support for sustainable supply chain solutions (B31), Lack of subsidies/incentives for creating competition among the producers of bio-energy (B30), Lack of entrepreneurship support (B21) and Lack of biomass supply chain standards (B19)” are the biggest hurdles. The study also presents a few strategies, which can be used as a guiding step by the decision-makers to formulate policies for the effective elimination of the barriers for the sustainable growth of the biofuel industry.

中文翻译：

---

基于综合 MCDM 方法的印度生物燃料行业的可持续发展挑战

摘要 生物燃料可以替代传统的化石燃料，成为印度有前景的可持续能源。然而，由于技术、经济、社会和监管方面的障碍，生物燃料行业仍处于起步阶段。本研究通过查阅文献和专家意见，探讨了生物燃料可持续发展的 38 个障碍。然后，采用结合“解释性结构建模（ISM）”和“决策试验和评估实验室（DEMATEL）”方法的综合方法来建立挑战之间的相互关系，同时获得这种相互关系的强度，以确定最重要的那些。更多，这些障碍也使用“Matriced Impacts Croises Multiplication Appliquee a un Classement (MICMAC)”分析进行聚类。研究结果揭示了四个挑战，即“缺乏政府对可持续供应链解决方案的支持（B31）、缺乏在生物能源生产商之间创造竞争的补贴/激励措施（B30）、缺乏创业支持（ B21) 和缺乏生物质供应链标准 (B19)”是最大的障碍。该研究还提出了一些策略，可作为决策者制定政策以有效消除生物燃料行业可持续增长障碍的指导步骤。缺乏在生物能源生产商之间创造竞争的补贴/激励措施 (B30)、缺乏创业支持 (B21) 和缺乏生物质供应链标准 (B19)”是最大的障碍。该研究还提出了一些策略，可作为决策者制定政策以有效消除生物燃料行业可持续增长障碍的指导步骤。缺乏在生物能源生产商之间创造竞争的补贴/激励措施 (B30)、缺乏创业支持 (B21) 和缺乏生物质供应链标准 (B19)”是最大的障碍。该研究还提出了一些策略，可作为决策者制定政策以有效消除生物燃料行业可持续增长障碍的指导步骤。