Abstract A special frequency spectrum expansion processing (FSE) was applied to seismic lines to identify gas chimneys (GC) in the Parnaiba Basin (NE Brazil). GC are recognized by typical vertical and low frequency chaotic disturbances in the seismic data, which are interpreted as being caused by the migration of fluids or free gas. These structures are important hydrocarbon indicators and have become a powerful exploratory tool, especially for frontier basins. In this study, an abundance of GCs was found in vast areas of the Parnaiba Basin, increasing the oil potential of this important South American Paleozoic basin. The new methodology was applied to seismic lines of the Parnaiba Basin and was used to characterize the GCs with greater security, which reduces the exploratory risks and suggest the existence of a new petroleum system associated with the pre-Silurian and Silurian deposits present in the basin grabens. The seismic expressions of the GC were successfully characterized by the FSE, and the origin of the gas chimney was associated with the regional geological structural framework, especially with the Transbrasiliano Lineament (TBL). In addition, theoretical models were developed to classify exploration plays associated with the GCs based on their probabilities of success of being economic hydrocarbon accumulations. Our results indicate a good potential for new hydrocarbon discoveries in this exploration frontier basin.

中文翻译：

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Parnaíba 盆地（巴西东北部）与烟囱相关的碳氢化合物圈闭模型

摘要 一种特殊的频谱扩展处理（FSE）被应用于地震线识别Parnaiba盆地（巴西东北部）的气烟囱（GC）。GC 被地震数据中典型的垂直和低频混沌扰动所识别，这些扰动被解释为由流体或游离气体的运移引起。这些构造是重要的油气指标，已成为有力的勘探工具，尤其是对前沿盆地而言。在这项研究中，在 Parnaiba 盆地的广大地区发现了丰富的 GC，增加了这个重要的南美古生代盆地的石油潜力。新方法应用于 Parnaiba 盆地的地震测线，并用于以更高的安全性表征 GC，这降低了勘探风险并表明存在与盆地地堑中存在的前志留纪和志留纪沉积物相关的新石油系统。FSE成功表征了GC的地震表达式，气烟囱的起源与区域地质构造框架有关，特别是与Transbrasiliano Lineament（TBL）有关。此外，还开发了理论模型，根据 GC 成为经济油气藏的成功概率对与 GC 相关的勘探区域进行分类。我们的研究结果表明，该勘探前沿盆地具有良好的新油气发现潜力。气烟囱的起源与区域地质构造框架有关，特别是与外巴西利亚诺线（TBL）有关。此外，还开发了理论模型，根据 GC 成为经济油气藏的成功概率对与 GC 相关的勘探区域进行分类。我们的研究结果表明，该勘探前沿盆地具有良好的新油气发现潜力。气烟囱的起源与区域地质构造框架有关，特别是与外巴西利亚诺线（TBL）有关。此外，还开发了理论模型，根据 GC 成为经济油气藏的成功概率对与 GC 相关的勘探区域进行分类。我们的研究结果表明，该勘探前沿盆地具有良好的新油气发现潜力。