Background

The aim of the following study was to identify the effects of a 12-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on the modification of parameters of body composition, functional capacity as well as lipid and glucose homeostasis markers in healthy young people versus older adults.

Design

Experimental trial.

Methods

Healthy young (YNG, 21 ± 1 years, BMI 26.01 ± 2.64 kg·m^-2, n = 10) and older (OLD, 66 ± 5 years, BMI 27.43 ± 3.11 kg·m^-2, n = 10) males were subjected to 12 weeks of HIIT. Prior to and immediately after the HIIT program, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, dominant leg strength one-repetition maximum (1-RM), maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) and physical performance tests were performed. Blood samples were also taken.

Results

Flexibility (P = 0.000), static balance (P = 0.004), timed up and go test (TUG) (P = 0.015), short physical performance battery (SPPB) (P = 0.005), dominant leg strength 1-RM (P = 0.012), and VO_2max (P = 0.000) were better in YNG versus OLD. HIIT improved the % whole-body fat mass (P = 0.031), leg lean mass (P = 0.047), dominant leg strength 1-RM (P = 0.025), VO_2max (P = 0.000), fasting cholesterol (P = 0.017) and fasting glucose (P = 0.006). TUG was improved by the training only in the OLD group (P = 0.016), but insulin (P = 0.002) and the homeostasis model assessment - insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS) (P = 0.000) decreased only in the YNG group. HOMA-IS was correlated positive with BMI (R = 0.474, P = 0.035) and with whole-body fat mass (R = 0.517, P = 0.019).

Conclusions

HIIT for 12 weeks improves parameters of body composition, functional capacity and fasting serum lipid and glucose homeostasis markers in healthy young and older participants. Young people are shown as benefiting more.

中文翻译：

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在健康的年轻人和老年人中进行有关身体成分，功能能力和生化指标的高强度间歇训练

背景

以下研究的目的是确定健康年轻人与老年人之间为期12周的高强度间歇训练（HIIT）程序对身体成分，功能能力以及脂质和葡萄糖稳态指标的修改的影响大人。

设计

实验性试验。

方法

健康的青年（YNG，21±1岁，BMI 26.01±2.64 kg·m ^-2，n = 10）和年龄较大（老年，66±5岁，BMI 27.43±3.11 kg·m ^-2，n = 10）男性。进行了12周的HIIT。在HIIT程序之前和之后，进行了双能量X射线吸收测定，主要腿部力量一次重复最大值（1-RM），最大摄氧量（VO _2max）和身体表现测试。还采集血样。

结果

灵活性（P  = 0.000），静态平衡（P  = 0.004），定时开机测试（TUG）（P  = 0.015），短物理性能电池（SPPB）（P  = 0.005），支腿力量1-RM（P  = 0.012），_YNG的VO _2max（P  = 0.000）优于OLD。HIIT改善了全身脂肪百分比（P  = 0.031），腿部瘦体重（P  = 0.047），主要腿部力量1-RM（P  = 0.025），VO _2max（P  = 0.000），空腹胆固醇（P  = 0.017） ）和空腹血糖（P = 0.006）。仅在OLD组中通过训练改善了TUG（P  = 0.016），但仅在YNG组中，胰岛素（P  = 0.002）和体内稳态模型评估-胰岛素敏感性（HOMA-IS）（P  = 0.000）降低。HOMA-IS与BMI（R = 0.474，P  = 0.035）和全身脂肪量（R = 0.517，P  = 0.019）呈正相关。

结论

HIIT治疗12周可改善健康的年轻人和老年人的身体成分，功能能力以及空腹血脂和葡萄糖稳态指标。年轻人被证明受益更多。