Introduction

Sibaté is a municipality located in the central region of Colombia, where the first asbestos-cement facility of the country has been in operation since 1942. Both a malignant pleural mesothelioma cluster and landfilled zones with the presence of an underground friable asbestos layer have been identified in Sibaté. There is still limited knowledge regarding the history of the construction of landfilled zones, and what kinds of materials were deposited. The current study aims to improve our understanding of the history and characteristics of the landfilled zones present in Sibaté.

Methods

Two participatory workshops with inhabitants of Sibaté were conducted to determine when the landfilled zones were built and their location. Information collected in participatory workshops was crossed with both topographic maps and aerial photographs, giving special attention to zones within the urban area of the municipality that in the past were inundated with water from El Muña Reservoir. An opportunistic soil sampling campaign was conducted in suspected landfilled zones that had not been previously sampled, during the replacement of pipelines of the drainage system ordered by the municipality.

Results

The analysis of historic topographic maps, combined with the interpretation of aerial photographs, confirmed the disposal of residues in areas that were previously inundated with water from El Muña Reservoir, creating landfilled zones in the urban area of Sibaté. On top of these landfilled zones, a football stadium and a football field with an athletic track were built. The location of landfilled zones identified using geographic analysis was similar to the location identified analyzing maps constructed by inhabitants of Sibaté in participatory workshops. The four soil samples collected during an opportunistic sampling campaign confirmed the presence in new locations of the underground friable asbestos layer discovered in previous studies.

Discussion

Based on the extension of the landfilled zones, the presence of friable asbestos in these areas, and the close proximity to a school and residential dwellings, there could have been major dispersion events of asbestos fibers in the urban area of Sibaté during the disposal of residue materials and the construction of the landfilled zones. Thus, important asbestos exposures may have occurred among residents of Sibaté, which is aggravated by the fact that during those years, more than 50% of the population of Sibaté was 25 years old or younger. Although the results of the current study improved our understanding of the processes and chronology associated with the landfilled zones, the uncertainty regarding their exact location remains significant. It is important to continue investigating the adverse health effects resulting from this potential asbestos exposure source.

中文翻译：

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填埋区在哪里？利用历史地理信息和当地空间知识来确定西巴特（哥伦比亚）地下石棉污染的位置。

介绍

Sibaté是哥伦比亚中部的一个直辖市，该国自1942年以来一直在该国的第一座石棉水泥设施投入运营。已经确定了恶性胸膜间皮瘤群和存在地下易碎石棉层的垃圾掩埋区在锡巴特。关于填埋区建设的历史以及沉积何种材料的知识仍然有限。当前的研究旨在增进我们对Sibaté中垃圾填埋区历史和特征的理解。

方法

举行了两次与锡巴泰居民共同参与的讲习班，以确定何时建造填埋场及其位置。在参与式讲习班上收集的信息都与地形图和航拍照片相交，特别注意了该市市区内过去被ElMuña水库淹没的水域。在市政当局下令更换排水系统的管线期间，在以前未进行过采样的可疑垃圾掩埋区进行了机会土壤采样运动。

结果

对历史地形图的分析，再加上对航空照片的解释，证实了残留物在先前被ElMuña水库淹没的地区得到了处置，从而在Sibaté市区创造了填埋区。在这些垃圾填埋区的顶部，建造了一个足球场和一个有田径跑道的足球场。使用地理分析确定的垃圾掩埋区的位置类似于由Sibaté居民在参与式讲习班中绘制的分析地图确定的位置。在一次机会性采样活动中收集的四个土壤样品证实了先前研究中发现的地下易碎石棉层的新位置。

讨论区

基于填埋区的扩展，这些地区中存在易碎的石棉以及紧邻学校和住宅的情况，在处置残渣期间，锡巴特市区的石棉纤维可能发生了主要散布事件。材料和填埋区的建设。因此，在锡巴泰居民中可能发生了重要的石棉暴露，而在这些年中，锡巴泰人口中超过50％的年龄为25岁或更年轻，这一事实使情况更加恶化。尽管当前的研究结果提高了我们对与垃圾填埋区相关的过程和时间顺序的理解，但有关其确切位置的不确定性仍然很大。