Stable and efficient hydrocarbon degrading microbial consortia were developed from a refinery sludge through nitrate amendment for their application in enhanced bioremediation of petroleum contaminated waste. Nitrate induced biostimulation of refinery sludge resulted in increased abundance of hydrocarbon degrading Rhodocyclaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Syntrophaceae and Comamonadaceae members. Repeated subculturing of nitrate stimulated communities in crude oil supplemented basal medium was done under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Aerobically enriched consortia (composed of Pseudomonadaceae, Pseudoxanthomonadaceae and unclassified Comamonadaceae) showed their ability to utilize alkanes, aromatics and crude oil as growth substrates. Anaerobically enriched consortium was predominated by Bacillaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Porphyromonadaceae and Comamonadaceae members. Anaerobic consortium was found to be relatively less efficient in terms of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbons) degradation compared to its aerobic counterpart. These enriched microbial consortia were finally tested for their biodegradation performance and stability during bioremediation of highly contaminated refinery sludge using different strategies. A 30 days microcosm based bioremediation trial showed that bioaugmentation of aerobic cultures with refinery sludge was more effective in TPH degradation (~ 65% degradation) compared to the anaerobic consortium (only 36% TPH degradation) and a combination of bioaugmentation and nitrate amendment with sludge resulted in enhanced hydrocarbon attenuation (up to 86% TPH degradation). Subsequent community analysis at the end of bioremediation trial confirmed the stability of the added microbial populations. Thus, the strategy of bioaugmentation of specially enriched native microbial populations in combination with nitrate amendment was successfully used for the enhanced bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated refinery waste.

中文翻译：

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从炼油厂污泥中开发硝酸盐刺激的碳氢化合物降解微生物群作为石油污染废物强化生物修复的有效生物增强剂

稳定和高效的碳氢化合物降解微生物聚生体是从炼油厂污泥通过硝酸盐改良剂开发的，用于加强石油污染废物的生物修复。硝酸盐诱导的炼油厂污泥的生物刺激导致碳氢化合物降解红环科、黄单胞菌科、合生菌科和菊科成员的丰度增加。在有氧和无氧条件下，在补充原油的基础培养基中重复传代硝酸盐刺激群落。富氧菌群（由 Pseudomonadaceae、Pseudomoxanthomonadaceae 和未分类的 Comamonadaceae 组成）显示出它们利用烷烃、芳烃和原油作为生长基质的能力。厌氧菌群以芽孢杆菌科、假单胞菌科、黄单胞菌科、卟啉单胞菌科和菊科成员。与有氧对应物相比，厌氧财团在 TPH（总石油烃）降解方面的效率相对较低。在使用不同策略对高度污染的炼油厂污泥进行生物修复过程中，最终测试了这些富集的微生物群落的生物降解性能和稳定性。一项为期 30 天的基于微观世界的生物修复试验表明，与厌氧菌群（TPH 仅降解 36%）以及生物强化和硝酸盐改良剂与污泥的组合相比，使用炼油厂污泥对需氧培养物进行生物强化在 TPH 降解（约 65% 降解）方面更有效导致碳氢化合物衰减增强（TPH 降解高达 86%）。随后在生物修复试验结束时进行的群落分析证实了添加的微生物种群的稳定性。因此，结合硝酸盐改良剂的特殊富集的天然微生物种群的生物强化策略成功地用于石油烃污染炼油厂废物的强化生物修复。