Abstract

The main objective of this work was to analyze the physico-chemicals properties of biochars produced from the steam gasification of different lignocellulosic agrowastes, and determine the suitability of these materials to be used in soil amendment and remediation applications. Steam gasification biochars from three lignocellulosic agrowastes were extensively characterized. Coconut shells (CS), bamboo guadua (BG), and oil palm shells (OPS) were chosen as raw materials, considering their different macromolecular structure and inorganic composition. The biochars composition, morphology, pH, acid neutralization (ANC) and cation exchange (CEC) capacities, as well as their mineral release at different conditions were evaluated and compared. The experimental results showed that the inorganic content and composition of the biochars have a stronger impact on their properties for soil applications, in comparison to their organic composition and morphology. In particular, BG biochar, the sample with the highest mineral content, exhibited the most notable cation exchange (45 cmol_c/kg) and acid neutralization capacities (125 cmol H⁺/kg), together with the greatest release of plant micro and macro-nutrients. In the case of biochars with low mineral content, higher CEC and ANC were most related to the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups in their surface. Considering that agricultural residues come from numerous sources and activities, the presented results usefully contribute to the comprehension of the relationship between the raw biomass characteristics, the physico-chemical properties of steam gasification biochars, and their expected performance in soil applications, opening a new promising valorization pathway for these materials.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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木质纤维素集料中的蒸汽气化生物炭对土壤应用的表征

摘要

这项工作的主要目的是分析由不同木质纤维素促凝剂的蒸汽气化产生的生物炭的理化性质，并确定这些材料在土壤改良和修复应用中的适用性。广泛表征了来自三种木质纤维素杂物的蒸汽气化生物炭。考虑到它们的大分子结构和无机成分不同，选择了椰子壳（CS），竹瓜（BG）和油棕壳（OPS）作为原料。评价并比较了生物炭的组成，形态，pH，酸中和（ANC）和阳离子交换（CEC）能力以及它们在不同条件下的矿物质释放。实验结果表明，与有机组成和形态相比，生物炭的无机含量和组成对其在土壤应用中的性能影响更大。尤其是矿物质含量最高的样品BG生物炭表现出最显着的阳离子交换（45 cmol_c / kg）和酸中和能力（125 cmol H ⁺ / kg），以及植物微量和大量营养素的最大释放量。就矿物质含量低的生物炭而言，较高的CEC和ANC与它们表面上含氧官能团的存在最相关。考虑到农业残留物来自多种来源和活动，所提出的结果有助于理解原始生物质特征，蒸汽气化生物炭的理化性质及其在土壤应用中的预期性能之间的关系，从而开辟了新的前景这些材料的增值途径。

图形摘要