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Hunting down the dominating subclone of cancer stem cells as a potential new therapeutic target in multiple myeloma: An artificial intelligence perspective.
World Journal of Stem Cells ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-9-22 , DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.706
Lisa X Lee 1 , Shengwen Calvin Li 2
Affiliation  

The development of single-cell subclones, which can rapidly switch from dormant to dominant subclones, occur in the natural pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM) but is often "pressed" by the standard treatment of MM. These emerging subclones present a challenge, providing reservoirs for chemoresistant mutations. Technological advancement is required to track MM subclonal changes, as understanding MM's mechanism of evolution at the cellular level can prompt the development of new targeted ways of treating this disease. Current methods to study the evolution of subclones in MM rely on technologies capable of phenotypically and genotypically characterizing plasma cells, which include immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, or cytogenetics. Still, all of these technologies may be limited by the sensitivity for picking up rare events. In contrast, more incisive methods such as RNA sequencing, comparative genomic hybridization, or whole-genome sequencing are not yet commonly used in clinical practice. Here we introduce the epidemiological diagnosis and prognosis of MM and review current methods for evaluating MM subclone evolution, such as minimal residual disease/multiparametric flow cytometry/next-generation sequencing, and their respective advantages and disadvantages. In addition, we propose our new single-cell method of evaluation to understand MM's mechanism of evolution at the molecular and cellular level and to prompt the development of new targeted ways of treating this disease, which has a broad prospect.

中文翻译:

寻找癌症干细胞的主要亚克隆作为多发性骨髓瘤的潜在新治疗靶标:人工智能的观点。

单细胞亚克隆的发展可以从休眠状态迅速转变为显性亚克隆,这种发展发生在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的自然病理生理中,但通常被MM的标准治疗所“压制”。这些新兴的亚克隆提出了挑战,为化学抗性突变提供了储藏库。跟踪MM亚克隆变化需要技术上的进步,因为了解MM在细胞水平上的进化机制可以促进治疗该疾病的新靶向方法的发展。目前研究MM中亚克隆进化的方法依赖于能够表型和基因型表征浆细胞的技术,包括免疫组织化学,流式细胞术或细胞遗传学。尽管如此,所有这些技术都可能受到拾取罕见事件的敏感性的限制。相比之下,在临床实践中尚未广泛使用更精确的方法,例如RNA测序,比较基因组杂交或全基因组测序。在这里,我们介绍了MM的流行病学诊断和预后,并综述了当前评估MM亚克隆进化的方法,例如最小残留病/多参数流式细胞术/下一代测序,以及它们各自的优缺点。此外,我们提出了一种新的单细胞评估方法,以了解MM在分子和细胞水平上的进化机制,并促使开发靶向该疾病的新靶向方法,这具有广阔的前景。或全基因组测序尚未在临床实践中普遍使用。在这里,我们介绍了MM的流行病学诊断和预后,并综述了当前评估MM亚克隆进化的方法,例如最小残留病/多参数流式细胞术/下一代测序,以及它们各自的优缺点。此外,我们提出了一种新的单细胞评估方法,以了解MM在分子和细胞水平上的进化机制,并促使开发靶向该疾病的新靶向方法,这具有广阔的前景。或全基因组测序尚未在临床实践中普遍使用。在这里,我们介绍了MM的流行病学诊断和预后,并综述了当前评估MM亚克隆进化的方法,例如最小残留病/多参数流式细胞术/下一代测序,以及它们各自的优缺点。此外,我们提出了一种新的单细胞评估方法,以了解MM在分子和细胞水平上的进化机制,并促使开发靶向该疾病的新靶向方法,这具有广阔的前景。及其各自的优缺点。此外,我们提出了一种新的单细胞评估方法,以了解MM在分子和细胞水平上的进化机制,并促使开发靶向治疗该疾病的新靶向方法,具有广阔的前景。及其各自的优缺点。此外,我们提出了一种新的单细胞评估方法,以了解MM在分子和细胞水平上的进化机制,并促使开发靶向该疾病的新靶向方法,这具有广阔的前景。
更新日期:2020-09-23
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