Abstract A pressure adaptable concrete lining (PACL) for hydraulic tunnels with high water pressure and high groundwater pressure was developed based on the thick-walled cylinder theory. One of the functions of the designed lining structure is that it can transfer the tunnel water pressure to the lining outer wall such that the lining bears compressive stress only. Moreover, the groundwater around the lining can be discharged so that the compressive stress in the lining caused by the groundwater pressure will be reduced during the tunnel emptying period. A test system of hydraulic tunnel lining with 3 m in diameter was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of the PACL. The filling and emptying process of tunnel water were simulated and the lining radial and hoop stress in two conditions were recorded and analyzed. Comparing with concrete lining (CL), the PACL can be kept compressed during the period of water filling. It may effectively take advantage of the high compressive strength of concrete and avoid lining cracking caused by high tensile stress. During the period of water emptying, the groundwater pressure acting on the outer wall of the PACL could also be decreased effectively, therefore the damage to the concrete due to the high groundwater pressure could be avoided. The results of this study show the effectiveness of the PACL in solving the issues caused by high tunnel water pressure and groundwater pressure in hydraulic tunnels and its wide application prospects.

中文翻译：

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新开发的高压水力隧道抗压混凝土衬砌

摘要 基于厚壁圆柱体理论，研制了一种适用于高水压、高地下水压力水工隧道的压力适应性混凝土衬砌（PACL）。所设计的衬砌结构的功能之一是将隧道水压传递到衬砌外壁，使衬砌只承受压应力。此外，衬砌周围的地下水可以排出，从而在隧道排空期间降低地下水压力引起的衬砌内的压应力。开发了一个直径为 3 m 的液压隧道衬砌测试系统来评估 PACL 的有效性。模拟了隧道积水和排空过程，记录并分析了两种工况下衬砌径向和环向应力。与混凝土衬里（CL）相比，PACL 在充水期间可以保持压缩。可有效利用混凝土的高抗压强度，避免因高拉应力引起衬砌开裂。在排水期间，作用于PACL外壁的地下水压力也能有效降低，从而避免因地下水压力过高而对混凝土造成的破坏。研究结果表明，PACL在解决水工隧道高隧道水压和地下水压力问题方面的有效性及其广泛的应用前景。可有效利用混凝土的高抗压强度，避免因高拉应力引起衬砌开裂。在排水期间，作用于PACL外壁的地下水压力也能有效降低，从而避免因地下水压力过高而对混凝土造成的破坏。研究结果表明，PACL在解决水工隧道高隧道水压和地下水压力问题方面的有效性及其广泛的应用前景。可有效利用混凝土的高抗压强度，避免因高拉应力引起衬砌开裂。在排水期间，作用于PACL外壁的地下水压力也能有效降低，从而避免因地下水压力过高而对混凝土造成的破坏。研究结果表明，PACL在解决水工隧道高隧道水压和地下水压力问题方面的有效性及其广泛的应用前景。