Here, we discussed the current challenges related with the application of Nitrogen-vacancy (NV)-based magnetometers for biological systems. Major constraints for diamond sensor type as optical illumination, microwave field, bias magnetic field, optics, method of photoluminescence detection and sample preparation have been analyzed. Special attention was paid to the estimation of electromagnetic fields in the nervous system. The mechanism of action potential generation and resultant local current flows was discussed, corresponding magnetic field outside an axon was estimated. It was shown that sensitivity of upcoming generation of NV magnetic field sensors may not be enough for the measurement of single neuron action potential, while monitoring electromagnetic signals in brain slices or cardiac tissues seems very promising.

中文翻译：

---

钻石 NV 中心的生物传感：相关挑战

在这里，我们讨论了与基于氮空位 (NV) 的磁力计在生物系统中的应用相关的当前挑战。分析了金刚石传感器类型的主要限制因素，如光学照明、微波场、偏置磁场、光学、光致发光检测方法和样品制备。特别注意对神经系统中的电磁场的估计。讨论了动作电位产生的机制和由此产生的局部电流，估计了轴突外的相应磁场。结果表明，下一代 NV 磁场传感器的灵敏度可能不足以测量单个神经元动作电位，而监测脑切片或心脏组织中的电磁信号似乎很有前景。