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Limiting factors of Striped Hyaena, Hyaena hyaena, distribution and densities across climatic and geographical gradients (Mammalia: Carnivora)
Zoology in the Middle East ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-25 , DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2019.1596589
Hila Shamoon 1 , Idan Shapira 2
Affiliation  

Few previous studies on the factors that affect Striped Hyaena (Hyaena hyaena Linnaeus, 1758) occurrence and densities were done on geographically unrelated populations using different methodologies. In Israel, hyaenas occur throughout the country's steep climatic and geographical gradients, presenting a unique opportunity to study densities and habitat use across adjacent ecosystems using a unified methodology and test previous conceptions regarding the species’ habitat selection. We collected hyaena abundance-absence data using 1440 camera traps placed at 80 sites (2012– 2016). Site location ranged from hyper-arid deserts to dense Mediterranean shrubland. We assessed the effect of climate, habitat structure, elevation, geomorphological attributes (proxy for den availability), and anthropogenic development (proximity to settlements and agriculture) on hyaena densities using N-mixture models. Hyaena densities were negatively affected by anthropogenic development, and were limited by den availability. Hyaena densities did not follow a climatic or geographic gradient. Densities were highest at hyper-arid deserts and Mediterranean coastal shrublands. Despite the former conception that hyaenas prefer semi-arid open habitats and avoid extreme deserts and dense vegetation, we show that hyaenas use and even thrive in these habitats when geomorphological conditions are suitable and resources are available.

中文翻译:

条纹鬣狗、鬣狗、跨气候和地理梯度的分布和密度的限制因素(哺乳动物:食肉目)

以前很少有关于影响条纹鬣狗 (Hyaena hyaena Linnaeus, 1758) 发生和密度的因素的研究是使用不同的方法对地理上不相关的种群进行的。在以色列,鬣狗遍布该国陡峭的气候和地理梯度,提供了一个独特的机会,可以使用统一的方法研究相邻生态系统的密度和栖息地利用,并测试先前关于物种栖息地选择的概念。我们使用放置在 80 个地点(2012-2016 年)的 1440 个相机陷阱收集了鬣狗丰度缺失数据。场地位置范围从极度干旱的沙漠到茂密的地中海灌木丛。我们评估了气候、栖息地结构、海拔、地貌属性(巢穴可用性的代理)的影响,和使用 N 混合物模型对鬣狗密度的人为发展(靠近定居点和农业)。鬣狗密度受到人为发展的负面影响,并受到巢穴可用性的限制。鬣狗的密度不遵循气候或地理梯度。在极度干旱的沙漠和地中海沿岸灌木丛中密度最高。尽管以前认为鬣狗更喜欢半干旱的开放栖息地并避免极端沙漠和茂密的植被,但我们表明,当地貌条件合适且资源可用时,鬣狗会在这些栖息地中使用甚至茁壮成长。在极度干旱的沙漠和地中海沿岸灌木丛中密度最高。尽管以前认为鬣狗更喜欢半干旱的开放栖息地并避免极端沙漠和茂密的植被,但我们表明,当地貌条件合适且资源可用时,鬣狗会在这些栖息地中使用甚至茁壮成长。在极度干旱的沙漠和地中海沿岸灌木丛中密度最高。尽管以前认为鬣狗更喜欢半干旱的开放栖息地并避免极端沙漠和茂密的植被,但我们表明,当地貌条件合适且资源可用时,鬣狗会在这些栖息地中使用甚至茁壮成长。
更新日期:2019-03-25
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