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Improved physical control of glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum ) on rice paddy levees in Japan
Weed Biology and Management ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-12 , DOI: 10.1111/wbm.12121
Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani 1, 2 , Yuki Tanno 1, 2 , Masayuki Yamashita 2 , Hiroyuki Tobina 2 , Minoru Ichihara 3 , Yoshiki Ishida 3 , Hitoshi Sawada 2
Affiliation  

Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is a non-native annual winter grass that has seriously infested rice paddy levees and wheat fields in Japan. Recently, glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass was found on paddy levees in central Japan, thereby making control of the grass by using glyphosate less effective. In this study, physical control methods were tested that combined the timing and frequency of mowing in order to more effectively control glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass on rice paddy levees. A 3 year field experiment was conducted from 2012 to 2014 in a western region of Shizuoka Prefecture, where glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass has become dominant. Five treatments were tested: (i) mowing once before the flowering of the grass (i.e. conventional mowing measure); (ii) mowing once during flowering; (iii) mowing twice during flowering; (iv) glyphosate application before flowering (i.e. one of the conventional mowing measures); and (v) no treatment. The above-ground biomass, seed production, soil seed bank and seedling occurrence of Italian ryegrass were measured to determine the effectiveness of these treatments. Mowing during the flowering period resulted in reduced above-ground biomass, seed production and soil seed bank when compared with the other treatments. Additionally, mowing twice during the flowering period resulted in a lower seedling density than mowing once. The results suggest that, in this region, physical control by mowing during the flowering period would be more effective than conventional measures for controlling glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass.

中文翻译:

日本稻田堤防抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)的物理防治改进

意大利黑麦草 ( Lolium multiflorum Lam. ) 是一种非本地的一年生冬草,在日本的稻田堤坝和麦田中受到严重侵染。最近,在日本中部的稻田堤防上发现了抗草甘膦的意大利黑麦草,因此使用草甘膦控制草的效果较差。在这项研究中,测试了结合割草时间和频率的物理控制方法,以更有效地控制稻田堤防上的抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草。2012 年至 2014 年在静冈县西部地区进行了为期 3 年的田间试验,在那里抗草甘膦的意大利黑麦草占主导地位。测试了五种处理: (i) 在草开花前割草一次(即常规割草措施);(ii) 开花期间割草一次;(iii) 开花期间割草两次;(iv) 开花前施用草甘膦(即常规割草措施之一);(v) 没有治疗。测量了意大利黑麦草的地上生物量、种子产量、土壤种子库和幼苗发生率,以确定这些处理的有效性。与其他处理相比,开花期割草导致地上生物量、种子产量和土壤种子库减少。此外,在开花期间割草两次导致幼苗密度低于割草一次。结果表明,在该地区,在开花期间通过割草进行物理控制比控制抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草的常规措施更有效。常规割草措施之一);(v) 没有治疗。测量了意大利黑麦草的地上生物量、种子产量、土壤种子库和幼苗发生率,以确定这些处理的有效性。与其他处理相比,开花期割草导致地上生物量、种子产量和土壤种子库减少。此外,在开花期间割草两次导致幼苗密度低于割草一次。结果表明,在该地区,在开花期间通过割草进行物理控制比控制抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草的常规措施更有效。常规割草措施之一);(v) 没有治疗。测量了意大利黑麦草的地上生物量、种子产量、土壤种子库和幼苗发生率,以确定这些处理的有效性。与其他处理相比,开花期割草导致地上生物量、种子产量和土壤种子库减少。此外,在开花期间割草两次导致幼苗密度低于割草一次。结果表明,在该地区,在开花期间通过割草进行物理控制比控制抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草的常规措施更有效。对土壤种子库和意大利黑麦草的幼苗发生率进行了测量,以确定这些处理的有效性。与其他处理相比,开花期割草导致地上生物量、种子产量和土壤种子库减少。此外,在开花期间割草两次导致幼苗密度低于割草一次。结果表明,在该地区,在开花期间通过割草进行物理控制比控制抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草的常规措施更有效。对土壤种子库和意大利黑麦草的幼苗发生率进行了测量,以确定这些处理的有效性。与其他处理相比,开花期割草导致地上生物量、种子产量和土壤种子库减少。此外,在开花期间割草两次导致幼苗密度低于割草一次。结果表明,在该地区,在开花期间通过割草进行物理控制比控制抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草的常规措施更有效。在开花期间修剪两次导致幼苗密度低于修剪一次。结果表明,在该地区,在开花期间通过割草进行物理控制比控制抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草的常规措施更有效。在开花期间修剪两次导致幼苗密度低于修剪一次。结果表明,在该地区,在开花期间通过割草进行物理控制比控制抗草甘膦意大利黑麦草的常规措施更有效。
更新日期:2017-05-12
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