Cleome viscosa is one of the most important weeds of warm‐season crops in southern Iran. Laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the impact of environmental factors on seed germination of C. viscosa. Freshly harvested seeds exhibited dormancy that was relieved (>90%) after immersion for 20 min in concentrated sulfuric acid. Regardless of the temperature regime, the final percentage of germination in light/dark (69.3%) was significantly higher than in complete darkness (58.3%). The optimum temperature for germination was 35/25°C in both light and dark. No germination was observed at constant temperatures of either 15 or 45°C. The thermal thresholds for seed germination, the base (Tb) and the mean ceiling germination temperatures (Tc₍₅₀₎) were estimated to be 18.8 and 39.9°C, respectively. A base water potential (Ψb₍₅₀₎) of −0.96 MPa was identified for C. viscosa seeds. The response threshold of C. viscosa to reduce 50% of maximum germination for salinity was estimated to be 255 mM. Seeds that were placed on the soil surface had the highest percentage of seedling emergence (77.3%), and no seedlings emerged from seeds placed at a depth of 6 cm. The findings of this study could help to improve the integrated weed management strategies for this species.

中文翻译：

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伊朗南部亚洲蜘蛛花（Cleome viscosa）萌发生态

Cleome viscosa 是伊朗南部暖季作物中最重要的杂草之一。进行了实验室实验以评估环境因素对粘虫种子萌发的影响。新鲜收获的种子在浓硫酸中浸泡 20 分钟后，休眠解除 (>90%)。无论温度状况如何，明/暗条件下的最终发芽百分比 (69.3%) 都显着高于完全黑暗条件下 (58.3%)。发芽的最适温度为 35/25°C，光照和黑暗均可。在 15 或 45°C 的恒定温度下未观察到发芽。种子发芽的热阈值、基础 (Tb) 和平均最高发芽温度 (Tc₍₅₀₎) 估计分别为 18.8 和 39.9°C。基础水势 (Ψb₍₅₀₎) 为 -0。为 C. viscosa 种子鉴定了 96 MPa。C. viscosa 减少 50% 最大发芽盐度的响应阈值估计为 255 mM。放置在土壤表面的种子出苗率最高（77.3%），6 cm 深度的种子没有出苗。这项研究的结果可能有助于改进该物种的综合杂草管理策略。