High-power energy storage devices are required for many emerging technologies. The rate capability of existing energy storage devices is inadequate to fulfill the requirements of fast charging and discharging while maintaining suitable long-term stability and energy density. This is readily apparent when evaluating the current anode of choice, graphite, which does not have an acceptable high-rate capability using traditional electrolytes. Recent work has shown that titanium niobium oxides (TNO) are promising alternative anode materials with high charge/discharge rates, excellent stability, and reasonable capacity. This article reviews the latest advancements in the development of TNO-based anode materials and architectures for fast energy storage devices, including new insights into understanding their crystal structure and lithiation mechanisms, effective strategies to improve the electrochemical properties of the materials (e.g., defect engineering, composite design, and overlithiation), and rational design of electrode and cell architectures to facilitate fast charge and mass transfer. Critical challenges and new directions in achieving high rate capabilities will also be discussed.

中文翻译：

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用于大功率锂离子电池的氧化钛铌阳极的最新进展

许多新兴技术都需要大功率储能设备。现有能量存储设备的速率能力不足以满足快速充电和放电的要求，同时保持适当的长期稳定性和能量密度。当评估当前选择的阳极石墨时，这是显而易见的，而石墨使用传统的电解质并没有可接受的高倍率能力。最近的工作表明，钛铌氧化物（TNO）是具有高充电/放电速率，出色的稳定性和合理容量的有前途的替代阳极材料。本文回顾了用于快速储能设备的基于TNO的阳极材料和体系结构开发的最新进展，包括了解其晶体结构和锂化机理的新见解，改善材料电化学性能的有效策略（例如缺陷工程，复合材料设计和过锂化），以及合理设计电极和电池结构以促进快速电荷和质量转移。还将讨论实现高速率能力的关键挑战和新方向。