Two dynamical systems unidirectionally coupled in a sender-receiver configuration can synchronize with a nonzero phase lag. In particular, the system can exhibit anticipated synchronization (AS), which is characterized by a negative phase lag, if the receiver also receives a delayed negative self-feedback. Recently, AS was shown to occur between cortical-like neuronal populations in which the self-feedback is mediated by inhibitory synapses. In this biologically plausible scenario, a transition from the usual delayed synchronization (with positive phase lag) to AS can be mediated by the inhibitory conductances in the receiver population. Here we show that depending on the relation between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductances the system can also exhibit phase bistability between anticipated and delayed synchronization. Furthermore, we show that the amount of noise at the receiver and the synaptic conductances can mediate the transition from stable phase locking to a bistable regime and eventually to a phase drift. We suggest that our spiking neuronal populations model could be potentially useful to study phase bistability in cortical regions related to bistable perception.

中文翻译：

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神经元群体中预期同步与延迟同步之间的相位双稳态

在发送器-接收器配置中单向耦合的两个动态系统可以与非零相位滞后同步。特别地，如果接收器还接收到延迟的负自反馈，则系统可以表现出预期的同步（AS），其特征在于负相位滞后。最近，显示出AS发生在皮质样神经元群体之间，其中自我反馈是由抑制性突触介导的。在这种生物学上可行的情况下，接收者群体中的抑制电导可以介导从通常的延迟同步（具有正相位滞后）到AS的过渡。在这里，我们表明，根据兴奋性和抑制性突触电导之间的关系，系统还可以在预期同步和延迟同步之间表现出相位双稳态。此外，我们表明，在接收器和突触电导处的噪声量可以介导从稳定的锁相到双稳态并最终到相位漂移的过渡。我们建议，我们尖峰的神经元种群模型可能对研究与双稳态知觉有关的皮质区域的双稳性可能有用。