The high density of fuel accumulated in the Mediterranean ecosystems due to land abandonment results in high severity fires. Traditional fire practices and livestock grazing have played an important role in shaping the structure and composition of Mediterranean landscapes, and both can be efficient tools to manage them now that land abandonment is widespread. Attempts at controlling forest fires are essential for landscape management practices that, in their turn, seek to maintain a specific species composition. Against this backdrop, this study aims to determine the short- and long-term effects of the combined management practices of prescribed fires and goat grazing on the chemical properties of soils in Tivissa, Tarragona (NE Iberian Peninsula). Forty-two samples were collected in a 4 × 18 m plot before the prescribed fire of 2002 (1), immediately after the 2002 prescribed fire (PF) (2), one year after the 2002 PF (3), three years after the 2002 PF (4), and thirteen years after the 2002 PF (5). Soil samples were taken at each sampling point from the top layer (0–5 cm), sieved to obtain a <2 mm fraction, and soil pH, EC, Total C, total N, available P, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ were determined. The results indicate that the short-term effects of fire are more relevant than those attributable to the livestock over the long term due to the low grazing intensity of less than one goat per ha. The long-term effects of prescribed fires were not visible in the research, suggesting that they recovered after burning with all their functions intact and with enhanced levels of natural fertility. Combined land management practices of prescribed fire and livestock grazing did not affect soil chemical properties. The applied management enhanced soil fertility and boosted the ecosystem’s resilience.

中文翻译：

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用13年的方法来了解伊比利亚半岛北部蒂维萨的规定的火灾和放牧对土壤化学性质的影响

由于土地被遗弃，在地中海生态系统中积累的高燃料密度导致了严重的大火。传统的消防做法和牲畜放牧在塑造地中海景观的结构和组成方面发挥了重要作用，并且由于土地被遗弃的现象普遍存在，两者都可以成为管理这些景观的有效工具。试图控制森林火灾对于景观管理实践至关重要，而景观管理实践又试图维持特定的物种组成。在此背景下，本研究旨在确定明火和山羊放牧相结合的管理做法对塔拉戈纳（北伊比利亚半岛）蒂维萨的土壤化学性质的短期和长期影响。在2002年规定的大火之前，在4×18 m的地块中收集了42个样品（1），在2002年规定的火灾（PF）之后立即（2），2002 PF（3）之后的一年，2002 PF（4）之后的三年和2002 PF（13）之后的十三年。从顶层（0–5 cm）的每个采样点采集土壤样品，过筛以得到<2 mm的分数，并且土壤pH，EC，总碳，总氮，有效磷，钾测定了⁺，Ca ²⁺和Mg ²⁺。结果表明，火灾的短期影响比长期归因于牲畜的影响更重要，这是由于每公顷不足一只山羊的低放牧强度。在研究中看不到明火的长期影响，表明明火在燃烧后恢复了所有功能，并提高了自然繁殖力。规定的火灾和牲畜放牧相结合的土地管理做法不影响土壤化学性质。应用管理提高了土壤肥力，增强了生态系统的适应力。