Neuromuscular interfaces are required to translate bioelectronic technologies for application in clinical medicine. Here, by leveraging the robotically controlled ink-jet deposition of low-viscosity conductive inks, extrusion of insulating silicone pastes and in situ activation of electrode surfaces via cold-air plasma, we show that soft biocompatible materials can be rapidly printed for the on-demand prototyping of customized electrode arrays well adjusted to specific anatomical environments, functions and experimental models. We also show, with the monitoring and activation of neuronal pathways in the brain, spinal cord and neuromuscular system of cats, rats and zebrafish, that the printed bioelectronic interfaces allow for long-term integration and functional stability. This technology might enable personalized bioelectronics for neuroprosthetic applications.

需要神经肌肉接口来翻译生物电子技术以用于临床医学。在这里，通过利用机器人控制的低粘度导电油墨的喷墨沉积，绝缘硅酮糊料的挤出以及通过冷空气等离子体原位激活电极表面的方法，我们证明了柔软的生物相容性材料可以快速印刷，用于要求定制化电极阵列的原型可以很好地适应特定的解剖环境，功能和实验模型。我们还显示，通过监视和激活猫，大鼠和斑马鱼的大脑，脊髓和神经肌肉系统中的神经元通路，印刷的生物电子界面可实现长期整合和功能稳定性。