The Nearctic leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus is known to be the main vector of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FDP), a serious disease of the grapevine in temperate European areas. Adult lifespan and oviposition rate were investigated under semi-natural conditions to assess potential fecundity of this species. Egg load was detected under field conditions in North Italy. Females lived longer than males, with a sex ratio in their favour during the late season when they are still able to lay eggs. Both sexes have a high average lifespan, females can live over 60 days whilst males over 40 days. Furthermore, 25% of the females lived over 70 days, and laid an average of 60–65 eggs. A number of approximately 70 to 130 eggs was laid by 25% females. The comparison between the egg load trend and the oviposition rate shows that both indices remain constant until September and then decrease in the following months. The presence of the vector was detected until late season in the vineyards. In fact, some females with mature eggs were collected until October 30th, whilst in seminatural condition few individuals were able to lay eggs until the end October to early November. This research shows as S. titanus biological parameters have been largely underestimated so far. A serious implication of the high longevity is the prolongation of the adult inoculation period, and a temporal expansion of the risk of infecting the vineyards no longer protected by insecticide treatments. This suggests to reconsider the phytosanitary management of the vineyards after harvesting.

中文翻译：

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Scaphoideus titanus生物学的新见解及其对病虫害综合治理的意义

Nearctic叶蝉Scaphoideus titanus是Flavescencedoréephytoplasma（FDP）的主要载体，FDP是欧洲温带地区葡萄的一种严重疾病。在半自然条件下调查了成年寿命和产卵率，以评估该物种的潜在繁殖力。在意大利北部的田间条件下检测到了鸡蛋负荷。女性的寿命比男性长，在仍能产卵的后期，性别比例有利于女性。男女的平均寿命都很高，女性的寿命可以超过60天，而男性的寿命可以超过40天。此外，有25％的雌性寿命超过70天，平均产卵60-65个。25％的雌性产下约70至130个卵。鸡蛋负荷趋势和产卵率之间的比较表明，两个指数一直保持恒定，直到9月，然后在接下来的几个月下降。直到葡萄园后期才检测到载体的存在。实际上，直到10月30日才收集到一些有成熟卵的雌性，而在半自然条件下，直到10月底至11月初，很少有人能够产卵。这项研究表明，迄今为止，钛金链球菌的生物学参数被大大低估了。高寿命的严重影响是成年接种期的延长，以及暂时不再受杀虫剂保护的葡萄园感染风险的暂时扩大。这建议在收获后重新考虑葡萄园的植物检疫管理。