The Rockall Trough is one of the main conduits for warm Atlantic Water to the Nordic Seas. Ocean heat anomalies, originating from the eastern subpolar gyre, are known to influence Arctic sea ice extent, marine ecosystems, and continental climate. Knowledge of the transport through this basin has previously been limited to estimates from hydrographic sections which cannot characterize the intra‐annual and multiannual variability. As part of the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Programme (OSNAP), a mooring array was deployed in the Rockall Trough in order to obtain the first continuous measurements of transport. Here, we define the methodology and the errors associated with estimating these transports. Results show a 4‐year mean northward transport of 6.6 Sv (1 Sv = 10⁶ m³/s) by the North Atlantic Current (NAC) in the east and interior of the Rockall Trough (2014–2018). A mean transport of −2.0 Sv (southward) is observed in the west of the basin, which could be part of a recirculation around the Rockall Plateau. The 90‐day low‐pass‐filtered transport shows large subannual and interannual variability (−1.6 to 9.1 Sv), mostly resulting from changes in the midbasin geostrophic transport. Satellite altimetry reveals the periods of low and high transport are associated with significant changes in the Rockall Trough circulation. There is a detectable seasonal signal, with the greatest transport in spring and autumn.

中文翻译：

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从系泊测量的4年中观察到的Rockall槽中北大西洋洋流的变化

洛矶海槽是将温暖的大西洋水输送到北欧海域的主要管道之一。已知源自东极地极回旋的海洋热异常会影响北极海冰范围，海洋生态系统和大陆性气候。通过该流域的运输知识以前仅限于水文断面的估算，而这些估算无法表征年内和多年变化。作为北极子极地计划（OSNAP）倾覆的一部分，在Rockall槽中部署了系泊装置，以进行首次连续运输测量。在这里，我们定义了方法和与估计这些传输量相关的误差。结果表明，四年平均向北输送速度为6.6 Sv（1 Sv = 10 ⁶  m ³/ s）由Rockall槽东部和内部的北大西洋海流（NAC）（2014–2018）。在盆地西部观测到的平均运移量为-2.0 Sv（向南），这可能是Rockall高原环流的一部分。90天低通滤波后的运输显示出较大的年际和年际变化（-1.6至9.1 Sv），这主要是由于中盆地转运动的变化所致。卫星测高仪揭示出低和高运输的时期与Rockall槽环流的重大变化有关。有一个可检测的季节信号，春季和秋季的运输量最大。