The development of the Internet of Things requires the availability of compact and efficient power sources for the supply of autonomous systems. In recent times, electromechanical transduction devices like triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have gained strong attention as they permit simple, robust, and cost‐effective techniques. However, TENGs generally do not achieve the electrical power density required for the targeted applications, and the challenges of optimization are therefore to increase their generated power density. In this work, a multilayer flexible composite structure is developed by employing an insulator–metal–insulator island architecture in place of a single insulator material to accumulate and store the charges created by triboelectrification. This increase in stored charges has a strong effect in inducing free charges on the electrodes resulting in a maximum output power density of 4.8 W m⁻², which is ≈150‐fold increase compared to the structure without metal inclusions. The results demonstrate a maximum charge density of 1076.56 µC m⁻², which is to the knowledge, the best charge density value ever reported for TENGs in ambient working conditions. Therefore, this work proposes a new direction to significantly increase the electrical power density in obtaining high‐performance triboelectric nanogenerators attractive to future applications for active sensors and portable electronics.

中文翻译：

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金属岛结构作为高性能摩擦电纳米发电机的助力器

物联网的发展需要紧凑，高效的电源来供应自主系统。近年来，诸如摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）之类的机电换能装置受到了广泛的关注，因为它们允许使用简单，可靠且具有成本效益的技术。但是，TENG通常无法达到目标应用所需的电功率密度，因此优化的挑战在于增加其产生的功率密度。在这项工作中，通过采用绝缘体-金属-绝缘体岛结构代替一种绝缘体材料来积累和存储摩擦电产生的电荷，从而开发出了多层柔性复合结构。⁻²，与没有金属夹杂物的结构相比，增加了约150倍。结果表明，最大电荷密度为1076.56 µC m ^-2，据了解，这是在环境工作条件下对TENG记录的最佳电荷密度值。因此，这项工作提出了一个新的方向，以大幅度提高电功率密度，从而获得对有源传感器和便携式电子设备的未来应用具有吸引力的高性能摩擦电纳米发电机。