Microplastics (MPs), defined as particles with diameters < 5 mm and including nanoplastics (NPs), with diameters < 1 μm, are characterized by large specific surface areas and hydrophobicity. In aquatic and terrestrial environments, MPs interact with co-occurring organic pollutants through sorption and desorption, which alters the environmental behavior of the pollutants, such as their toxicity, bioaccumulation, degradation, and transport. In this review, we summarize the results of current studies of the interactions between MPs and organic contaminants, and focus on the different mechanisms and subsequent ecological risks of contaminant transfer among environmental media, MPs and organisms. The sorption/desorption of organic pollutants on/from MPs is discussed with respect to solution conditions and the properties of both the MPs and the pollutants. More importantly, the ability of MPs to alter the toxicity, bioaccumulation, degradation, and transport of organic pollutants through these interactions is considered as well. We then examine the interrelationships of the different environmental behaviors of MPs and organic pollutants and the roles played by environmental processes. Finally, we identify the remaining knowledge gaps that must be filled in further studies in order to accurately evaluate the environmental risks of MPs and their associated organic pollutants.

微塑料（MPs）定义为直径小于5毫米的颗粒，包括直径小于1μm的纳米塑料（NPs），其特征是比表面积大和疏水性强。在水生和陆地环境中，MP通过吸附和解吸作用与共生有机污染物发生相互作用，从而改变了污染物的环境行为，例如其毒性，生物蓄积性，降解和运输。在这篇综述中，我们总结了当前MPs与有机污染物之间相互作用研究的结果，并着重于污染物在环境介质，MPs和生物之间转移的不同机制和随后的生态风险。关于溶液条件以及MP和污染物的性质，讨论了MPs上有机污染物的吸附/解吸。更重要的是，还考虑了MP通过这些相互作用改变有机污染物的毒性，生物积累，降解和运输的能力。然后，我们研究了MP和有机污染物的不同环境行为之间的相互关系以及环境过程所起的作用。最后，我们确定了在进一步研究中必须填补的剩余知识空白，以便准确评估MP及其相关有机污染物的环境风险。并且还考虑了通过这些相互作用进行有机污染物的运输。然后，我们研究了MP和有机污染物的不同环境行为之间的相互关系以及环境过程所起的作用。最后，我们确定了在进一步研究中必须填补的剩余知识空白，以便准确评估MP及其相关有机污染物的环境风险。并且还考虑了通过这些相互作用进行有机污染物的运输。然后，我们研究了MP和有机污染物的不同环境行为之间的相互关系以及环境过程所起的作用。最后，我们确定了在进一步研究中必须填补的剩余知识空白，以便准确评估MP及其相关有机污染物的环境风险。