Abstract The Ni-Co alloy co-electrodeposit from a sulfate bath including two new ionic liquids 1-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2-((2,4,5 trifluorophenyl) amino) ethyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium iodide [MOFIM]I and 1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-3-(4-phenoxybutyl) imidazol-3-ium bromide [FPIM]Br as additives was characterized using the SEM, EDS, EDS mapping, XRD, AFM and microhardness measurement techniques. The resultant surface morphologies in acidic sulfate baths on a copper substrate demonstrated that both the [MOFIM]I and [FPIM]Br additives served as effective leveling agents. The Ni-Co alloy co-deposit morphology in the [MOFIM]I bath was more enhanced (non-grained coating, Ra of 28 nm and Rt of 35.5 nm) than that in the [FPIM]Br bath (grain size 225 nm, Ra of 51. 1 nm and Rt of 65.7 nm) owing to the molecular structure. The co-deposition of Co and Ni from the acidic baths was of the anomalous type. Moreover, the anomalous behavior of the Ni-Co co-deposition was alleviated after [MOFIM]I and [FPIM]Br were introduced in the bath. To determine the optimal bath conditions, the cathodic current efficiency (CCE%) value was calculated during the Ni-Co alloy co-electrodeposition process under three different compositions and different operating conditions. Under the composition of Ni 70% and Co 30% (Ni70%-Co30% alloy deposit), the CCE% values increased considerably, with maximum values of 99.8% and 97.07% in the baths including [MOFIM]I and [FPIM]Br, respectively.

中文翻译：

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第一部分：使用离子液体电沉积的镍钴合金箔

摘要 来自硫酸盐浴的 Ni-Co 合金共电沉积物，包括两种新型离子液体 1-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2-((2,4,5 trifluorophenyl)amino)ethyl)-1H-imidazol-3碘化鎓 [MOFIM]I 和 1-(4-氟苄基)-3-(4-苯氧基丁基)咪唑-3-溴化鎓 [FPIM]Br 作为添加剂使用 SEM、EDS、EDS 映射、XRD、AFM 和显微硬度测量技术。在铜基材上的酸性硫酸盐浴中所得的表面形态表明 [MOFIM]I 和 [FPIM]Br 添加剂均用作有效的流平剂。[MOFIM]I 镀液中的 Ni-Co 合金共沉积形态比 [FPIM]Br 镀液（晶粒尺寸 225 nm，由于分子结构，Ra 为 51. 1 nm，Rt 为 65.7 nm)。来自酸性浴的 Co 和 Ni 的共沉积是异常类型的。此外，在镀液中引入 [MOFIM]I 和 [FPIM]Br 后，Ni-Co 共沉积的异常行为得到缓解。为了确定最佳镀液条件，在三种不同成分和不同操作条件下计算了 Ni-Co 合金共电沉积过程中的阴极电流效率 (CCE%) 值。在 Ni 70% 和 Co 30%（Ni70%-Co30% 合金镀层）的成分下，CCE% 值显着增加，在包含 [MOFIM]I 和 [FPIM]Br 的镀液中，CCE% 的最大值分别为 99.8% 和 97.07% ， 分别。在Ni-Co合金共电沉积过程中，计算了三种不同成分和不同操作条件下的阴极电流效率（CCE%）值。在 Ni 70% 和 Co 30%（Ni70%-Co30% 合金镀层）的成分下，CCE% 值显着增加，在包含 [MOFIM]I 和 [FPIM]Br 的镀液中，CCE% 的最大值分别为 99.8% 和 97.07% ， 分别。在Ni-Co合金共电沉积过程中，计算了三种不同成分和不同操作条件下的阴极电流效率（CCE%）值。在 Ni 70% 和 Co 30%（Ni70%-Co30% 合金镀层）的成分下，CCE% 值显着增加，在包含 [MOFIM]I 和 [FPIM]Br 的镀液中，CCE% 的最大值分别为 99.8% 和 97.07% ， 分别。