A holistic understanding of the life-history strategies of marine populations is often hindered by complex population dynamics, exacerbated by an intricate movement ecology across their life history (Nathan et al. 2008; Parsons et al. 2008; Jeltsch et al. 2013). Movement patterns and spatial ecology can vary spatially and temporally for different reasons, mainly related to the organism’s life history and environmental variability (Abecasis et al. 2009, 2013; Afonso et al. 2009). Changes in spatial use and movement can occur daily when visiting feeding grounds or avoiding predators, or seasonally, when sexually mature individuals migrate to spawning/breeding grounds (Kozakiewicz 1995; Sundström et al. 2001). However, observed shifts in spatial use and movement patterns, as a result of behavioural plasticity, may also vary greatly from one individual to another of the same species and/or population (Afonso et al. 2009). Further, ontogeny can also play an important role and explain a possible change in individual spatial variation. Noticeable differences in the behaviour and movements of mature and immature individuals have been documented in various marine organisms (Lowe et al. 1996; Lecchini and Galzin 2005). Permanent habitat shifts have been associated with ontogenesis in pigeye sharks (Carcharhinus amboinensis), moving from inshore to offshore areas after reaching maturity (Knip et al. 2011). Hence, a relevant debate lies in the implications of ‘solo datasets’ and the potential pertinence of the patterns an individual dataset could uncover. Data deficiency can be the primary barrier to efficient marine conservation and management, and while longterm species-specific data are often lacking (Broderick 2015), it appears worthwhile to investigate patterns exhibited by single individuals as a baseline to address further research projects more thoroughly. Relatively, long-term monitoring of a unique specimen can reveal extraordinary, previously unexpected behaviours. For instance, using a ‘solo dataset’ from a scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini, Spaet et al. (2017)

中文翻译：

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“单独数据集”：通过对单个个体的声学监测发现的意外行为模式

对海洋种群生活史策略的整体理解往往受到复杂的种群动态的阻碍，并因其生活史中错综复杂的运动生态而加剧（Nathan 等人，2008 年；Parsons 等人，2008 年；Jeltsch 等人，2013 年）。由于不同的原因，运动模式和空间生态可能会在空间和时间上发生变化，主要与生物体的生活史和环境可变性有关（Abecasis 等人，2009 年，2013 年；Afonso 等人，2009 年）。访问觅食地或躲避捕食者时，空间使用和运动的变化可能每天发生，或季节性地，当性成熟的个体迁移到产卵/繁殖地时（Kozakiewicz 1995；Sundström 等人，2001）。然而，由于行为可塑性，观察到的空间使用和运动模式的变化，同一物种和/或种群的一个个体与另一个个体之间的差异也可能很大（Afonso et al. 2009）。此外，个体发育也可以发挥重要作用并解释个体空间变异的可能变化。在各种海洋生物中，成熟和未成熟个体的行为和运动存在显着差异（Lowe 等人，1996 年；Lecchini 和 Galzin 2005 年）。永久栖息地的变化与猪眼鲨 (Carcharhinus amboinensis) 的个体发育有关，它们在成熟后从近海区域迁移到近海区域（Knip 等人，2011 年）。因此，一个相关的争论在于“单独数据集”的含义以及单个数据集可以揭示的模式的潜在相关性。数据不足可能是有效海洋保护和管理的主要障碍，虽然通常缺乏特定物种的长期数据（Broderick 2015），但研究单个个体表现出的模式作为基线以更彻底地解决进一步的研究项目似乎是值得的。相对而言，对独特标本的长期监测可以揭示以前出乎意料的非凡行为。例如，使用来自扇形双髻鲨 Sphyrna lewini、Spaet 等人的“单独数据集”。(2017) 斯帕特等人。(2017) 斯帕特等人。(2017)