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Meio‐epifaunal wood colonization in the vicinity of methane seeps
Marine Ecology ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-11 , DOI: 10.1111/maec.12573
Adriana Gracia C. 1, 2 , Lisa A. Levin 3 , Sven Zea 2
Affiliation  

In deep‐sea environments, plant remains of several origins are found, including branches, twigs, leaves, and wood pieces, among others. As most of the deep‐sea bottoms are oligotrophic and nutrient‐limited, plant remains provide an oasis of localized organic enrichment and a substrate for colonization. Sunken wood was suggested to play an important evolutionary role in the diversification of chemosynthetic ecosystems, possibly representing stepping stones for the colonization between vent and seep ecosystems. In order to understand colonization processes of the Pacific Costa Rican meio‐epifaunal assemblages associated with sunken wood, a field experiment was conducted on Mound 12 (8°55.778′N, 84°18.730′W) at ~1,000 m water depth. Woodblocks were placed in four different habitats (Mussel beds, tube worms, near mussel beds, rubble bottoms), and different local environmental conditions (seepage‐active and seepage‐inactive sites). Seven experimental Douglas fir woodblocks (each 1,047 cm2 in surface area) were deployed from the R/V Atlantis using the manned submersible Alvin in February 2009 and recovered after 10.5 months in January 2010. Sample processing and analyses led to a data set of abundance (total 9,951 individuals) and spatial distribution of nine meio‐epifaunal higher taxa/groups. Meio‐epifaunal densities on individual woodblocks ranged from 3 to 26 ind.10 cm2. Copepods accounted for the highest abundances (75.1%), followed by nauplii larvae (11.7%) and nematodes (9.8%). The maximum number of individuals (26.3 ind.10 cm−2) was found in blocks placed in seepage‐inactive areas (near active mussel beds) in contrast to 2.9 ind.10 cm−2 in active areas (within a mussel bed). A hierarchical cluster analysis grouped blocks according to seepage activity and not to habitat, but tests of similarity showed no significant differences in higher taxon composition and abundances, probably owing either to substrate homogeneity or low sample size. Copepods were the most abundant representatives, suggesting that this group is one of the most successful in colonizing in the early stage of succession, in this case while hardwood substrates are not yet decomposed or bored by bivalves.

中文翻译:

甲烷渗流附近的迈奥表古木材定殖

在深海环境中,发现了多种起源的植物残骸,包括树枝,树枝,树叶和木片等。由于大多数深海海底都是贫营养的并且营养有限,因此植物残骸提供了局部有机富集的绿洲和定殖的基质。有人认为沉没的木材在化学合成生态系统的多样化中起重要的进化作用,可能代表了在通风和渗水生态系统之间定殖的垫脚石。为了了解与沉没的木材相关的太平洋哥斯达黎加中微构造群的定殖过程,在水深约1,000 m的第12墩(8°55.778'N,84°18.730'W)上进行了野外试验。将木刻放在四个不同的栖息地(贻贝床,蠕虫,贻贝床附近,瓦砾底部),以及不同的当地环境条件(防渗站点和防渗站点)。七个实验性道格拉斯冷杉木版画(每个1,047厘米2表面积)中从R部署/ V亚特兰蒂斯使用载人潜水阿尔文在2009年2月和一月10.5个月后回收2010样本处理和分析导致丰度的数据集(总9951个人)和空间分布九个近中高级分类单元/组。各个木刻的微微表观密度为3至26 ind.10 cm 2。pe足类鱼类的丰度最高(75.1%),其次是无节幼体(11.7%)和线虫(9.8%)。在放置在非渗流活动区域(靠近活动贻贝床)的区块中发现了最大的个体数量(26.3 ind.10 cm -2),而在2.9 ind.10 cm -2在活动区域​​(贻贝床内)。层次聚类分析根据渗流活动而不是栖息地对块进行分组,但是相似性测试表明,较高的分类单元组成和丰度没有显着差异,这可能是由于底物的均一性或较低的样本量所致。pe足类动物是最丰富的代表,这表明该群体是在继承的早期阶段最成功的殖民地之一,在这种情况下,硬木基质尚未被双壳类动物分解或感到枯燥。
更新日期:2019-11-11
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