Microorganisms drive the biogeochemical cycles that link abiotic and biotic processes in the aqueous environment and are intricately associated with plastic debris. The presence of microplastics in water and sediment introduces new concerns as small particle size allows for increased pathways of microplastics in the food web and element cycles. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge on microbe‐plastic interactions and summarize the potential impact of biogeochemical processes on plastic distribution, cycling, transport, and sedimentation. We explore how microbe‐plastic interactions influence the exposure of consumers to microplastics and plastic degradation products. Key methods used to elucidate biofilm development, microbial biodegradation, and microplastic detection in the aqueous environment are discussed. Finally, we comment on potential future questions and research directions needed to further define the role of microorganisms in the environmental fate of microplastics.

中文翻译：

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微微相互作用：微生物如何影响海洋微塑料的命运

微生物驱动着生物地球化学循环，这些循环将水性环境中的非生物和生物过程联系在一起，并与塑料碎片错综复杂地联系在一起。水和沉积物中的微塑料的存在引起了新的关注，因为小粒径允许食物网和元素循环中微塑料的途径增加。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了有关微生物与塑料相互作用的最新知识，并总结了生物地球化学过程对塑料分布，循环，运输和沉积的潜在影响。我们探索微生物与塑料之间的相互作用如何影响消费者对塑料与塑料降解产品的接触。讨论了阐明水膜环境中生物膜发育，微生物生物降解和微塑料检测的关键方法。最后，