Late Pleistocene tephras derived by large explosive volcanic eruptions are widespread in the Mediterranean and surrounding areas. They are important isochronous markers in stratigraphic sections and therefore it is important to constrain their sources. We report here tephrochronology results using multiple criteria to characterize the volcanic products of the Late Pleistocene Ciomadul volcano in eastern–central Europe. This dacitic volcano had an explosive eruption stage between 57 and 30 ka. The specific petrological character (ash texture, occurrence of plagioclase and amphibole phenocrysts and their compositions), the high-K calc-alkaline major element composition and particularly the distinct trace element characteristics provide a strong fingerprint of the Ciomadul volcano. This can be used for correlating tephra and cryptotephra occurrences within this timeframe. Remarkably, during this period several volcanic eruptions produced tephras with similar glass major element composition. However, they differ from Ciomadul tephras by glass trace element abundances, ratios of strongly incompatible trace elements and their mineral cargo that serve as discrimination tools. We used (U-Th)/He zircon dates combined with U-Th in situ rim dates along with luminescence and radiocarbon dating to constrain the age of the explosive eruptions of Ciomadul that yielded distal tephra layers but lack of identified proximal deposits.

中文翻译：

---

对东中欧 Ciomadul 火山晚更新世 tephras 的指纹图谱

由大型爆炸性火山喷发衍生的晚更新世火山灰广泛分布于地中海及周边地区。它们是地层剖面中重要的等时标记，因此限制它们的来源很重要。我们在此报告了使用多种标准来描述东中欧晚更新世 Ciomadul 火山的火山产物的地质年代学结果。这座英安火山在 57 到 30 ka 之间有一个爆发性喷发阶段。特定的岩石学特征（灰分结构、斜长石和角闪石斑晶的出现及其组成）、高钾钙碱性主要元素组成，特别是独特的微量元素特征，为乔马杜尔火山提供了强有力的指纹。这可用于在此时间范围内关联 tephra 和cryptotephra 事件。值得注意的是，在此期间，几次火山喷发产生了具有相似玻璃主要元素组成的火山灰。然而，它们与 Ciomadul tephras 的不同之处在于玻璃微量元素丰度、强烈不相容的微量元素的比率及其作为区分工具的矿物货物。我们使用 (U-Th)/He 锆石日期结合 U-Th 原位边缘日期以及发光和放射性碳测年来限制 Ciomadul 爆发性喷发的年龄，该爆发产生了远端的火山灰层但缺乏确定的近端沉积物。它们与 Ciomadul tephras 的不同之处在于玻璃微量元素丰度、强烈不相容微量元素的比率及其作为区分工具的矿物货物。我们使用 (U-Th)/He 锆石日期结合 U-Th 原位边缘日期以及发光和放射性碳测年来限制 Ciomadul 爆发性喷发的年龄，该爆发产生了远端的火山灰层但缺乏确定的近端沉积物。它们与 Ciomadul tephras 的不同之处在于玻璃微量元素丰度、强烈不相容微量元素的比率及其作为区分工具的矿物货物。我们使用 (U-Th)/He 锆石日期结合 U-Th 原位边缘日期以及发光和放射性碳测年来限制 Ciomadul 爆发性喷发的年龄，该爆发产生了远端的火山灰层但缺乏确定的近端沉积物。