The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System (PORTS^®) is an integrated system of sensors concentrated in seaports that provide accurate and reliable real-time information about environmental conditions. PORTS measures and disseminates observations for water levels, currents, waves, bridge air gap, water temperature, salinity, and meteorological parameters. PORTS was developed and implemented in the early 1990s in response to an accident in Tampa Bay where a vessel struck the Sunshine Skyway Bridge resulting in a substantial loss of life and property. The programme was established as a public-private partnership where the local community funds the establishment and maintenance of the local observing system, and NOAA provides the programme and data management. Today, PORTS has grown to over 30 locations around the country and services over 80% of the tonnage and over 90% of the value of cargo transiting U.S. seaports. A number of economic benefit studies have shown PORTS can reduce accidents by over 50% and significantly increase efficiency. This article examines the evolution of the programme in terms of addressing emerging observational needs, infusing new technology, enhancing products, conducting economic benefit studies, adapting business models, and serving other societal needs.

美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）海洋物理实时系统（PORTS ^®）是一个集成在海港中的传感器的集成系统，可提供有关环境状况的准确，可靠的实时信息。PORTS测量并发布有关水位，水流，波浪，桥梁气隙，水温，盐度和气象参数的观测值。PORTS是在1990年代初开发和实施的，以应对坦帕湾发生的一起事故，当时一艘船撞上了阳光高架桥，造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。该计划是作为公私合作伙伴关系建立的，当地社区为建立和维护当地的观测系统提供资金，而NOAA提供该计划和数据管理。今天，PORTS已发展到全国30多个地区，服务于80％以上的吨位和90％以上的货物从美国海港过境的价值。许多经济效益研究表明，PORTS可以将事故减少50％以上，并显着提高效率。本文从满足新出现的观测需求，注入新技术，增强产品，进行经济效益研究，调整业务模型以及满足其他社会需求的角度，研究了该计划的发展。