Abstract This paper investigates the plant diversity and current state of the vegetation of a little-known threatened dune complex located in Estepona (southern Spain). This littoral fringe has in the past 60 years experienced a continuous process of intensive occupation derived primarily from tourism and agriculture, which has led to the degradation of the fragile and dynamic coastal systems. Its diminished size and lack of legal protection make it vulnerable to a variety of anthropogenic stresses that threaten the survival of the system. Fieldwork has been the primary methodological procedure to conduct research, given the scarcity of previous studies. The results first of all provide a biogeographical and phytosociological view that elucidates the remarkable plant diversity of the area studied and the complete zonal structure of the communities that comprise the ecosystem. Secondly, a vegetal cartography was created (detail of 1: 2500) to characterize the distribution of flora. This exploration and mapping of vegetation are effective tools in forming a conservation proposal to combat anthropogenic conflicts that destabilize the system. In this sense, harmful human activities threatening the plant phytodiversity of the various strips of vegetation forming the dunes have also been identified.

中文翻译：

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地中海沙丘植被：保护西班牙南部受威胁的生态系统

摘要 本文调查了位于埃斯特波纳（西班牙南部）一个鲜为人知的受威胁沙丘复合体的植物多样性和植被现状。在过去的 60 年中，这片沿海地区经历了主要来自旅游业和农业的持续密集占领过程，导致脆弱而充满活力的沿海系统退化。它的规模缩小和缺乏法律保护使其容易受到威胁系统生存的各种人为压力。鉴于以往研究的稀缺性，实地考察一直是进行研究的主要方法程序。这些结果首先提供了生物地理学和植物社会学的观点，阐明了所研究地区显着的植物多样性以及构成生态系统的群落的完整带状结构。其次，创建了植物制图（细节为 1：2500）来表征植物群的分布。这种对植被的探索和测绘是形成保护建议以对抗破坏系统稳定的人为冲突的有效工具。从这个意义上说，也已经确定了威胁形成沙丘的各种植被带的植物多样性的有害人类活动。这种对植被的探索和测绘是形成保护建议以对抗破坏系统稳定的人为冲突的有效工具。从这个意义上说，也已经确定了威胁形成沙丘的各种植被带的植物多样性的有害人类活动。这种对植被的探索和测绘是形成保护建议以对抗破坏系统稳定的人为冲突的有效工具。从这个意义上说，也已经确定了威胁形成沙丘的各种植被带的植物多样性的有害人类活动。