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How green was my valley: forest canopy density in relation to topography and anthropogenic effects in Manipur valley, India
Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography ( IF 2.320 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-03 , DOI: 10.1080/00167223.2018.1495090
Kiran Sharma 1 , Anup Saikia 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Forest canopy density (FCD) is a major factor in the evaluation of forest status and is an important indicator of possible management interventions. The study uses the FCD model with Landsat TM and Landsat 8 OLI images to assess canopy density in India’s Manipur valley and surrounding hills. Normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) was used to extract built-up areas and population density was retrieved from LandScan data, while elevation and slope were obtained from ASTER DEMs (30 m). Four types of canopy density were delineated with crown cover above 71%, 41–70%, 11–40%, below 10% and areas with no canopy cover, that is 0%. A sharp decline in forest area occurred during 1989–2016 at a rate of loss of 2.9 % year-1 with an average rate of deforestation of 3051 ha year-1. Dense forests exhibited remarkable degradation, especially towards the central valley. The variation in the topographical (elevation and slope) gradient resulted in significant differences in the canopy density over the study area barring some hill slopes. Population pressure and various developmental activities in recent decades led to forest degradation in this fragile yet rich Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot.

中文翻译:

我的山谷有多绿:印度曼尼普尔山谷的森林冠层密度与地形和人为影响的关系

摘要 森林冠层密度(FCD)是评估森林状况的主要因素,也是可能的管理干预措施的重要指标。该研究使用带有 Landsat TM 和 Landsat 8 OLI 图像的 FCD 模型来评估印度曼尼普尔山谷和周围山丘的冠层密度。归一化差异建筑指数 (NDBI) 用于提取建筑面积,人口密度从 LandScan 数据中检索,而高程和坡度从 ASTER DEM (30 m) 中获得。冠层覆盖率71%以上、41%~70%、11%~40%、10%以下和无冠层覆盖面积为0%,划分为4种冠层密度。1989 年至 2016 年期间,森林面积急剧下降,第一年损失率为 2.9%,第一年平均森林砍伐率为 3051 公顷。茂密的森林表现出显着的退化,尤其是朝向中央山谷。地形(高程和坡度)梯度的变化导致研究区除一些山坡外的冠层密度存在显着差异。近几十年来,人口压力和各种发展活动导致这个脆弱而丰富的东喜马拉雅生物多样性热点地区的森林退化。
更新日期:2018-07-03
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