Abstract The use of computational models has proliferated in the last few decades due to the practical benefits that they offer in terms of understanding complex systems. However, the process of developing a computational model is not only shaped by scientific and practical concerns. Modelers must also navigate the institutional structures in which the models are constructed and implemented. In the process, they must often draw upon existing or create new social relationships that can, themselves, alter the institutional structures they are attempting to navigate. In this article, I use an ethnographic approach to examine three examples in which the process of building and implementing a computational model was constrained by institutional factors and the strategies the modelers used to navigate them. The research was conducted with computational modelers at the Chesapeake Bay Program who are involved in constructing the Chesapeake Bay modeling system for nutrient management in the watershed. Modelers in this context had to: build relationships with the broader scientific community to reinforce the “believability” of the model, draw upon institutional relationships in order to work around limitations on data-sharing between organizations, and manage differing incentive structures to motivate and coordinate the research needed to complete the model

中文翻译：

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在计算环境建模过程中导航制度约束

摘要 由于计算模型在理解复杂系统方面提供的实际好处，计算模型的使用在过去几十年中激增。然而，开发计算模型的过程不仅受科学和实际问题的影响。建模者还必须在构建和实施模型的制度结构中导航。在这个过程中，他们必须经常利用现有的或创造新的社会关系，这些关系本身可以改变他们试图驾驭的制度结构。在本文中，我使用人种学方法来检查三个示例，其中构建和实施计算模型的过程受到制度因素和建模者用来导航它们的策略的约束。该研究由切萨皮克湾计划的计算建模人员进行，他们参与了为流域营养管理构建切萨皮克湾建模系统。在这种情况下，建模者必须：与更广泛的科学界建立关系以增强模型的“可信度”，利用制度关系来解决组织之间数据共享的限制，并管理不同的激励结构以激励和协调完成模型所需的研究